The Deposition Temperature Dependence on the Crystallite Size of NiO Thin Films

Abstract

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>In this article, we have investigated a fitting proposal model for calculating the crystallite size of pure NiO thin films by varying the structural parameters, such as full width at half-maximum <jats:italic>β</jats:italic>, lattice parameter <jats:italic>a</jats:italic> and differences in <jats:italic>a</jats:italic> − <jats:italic>a</jats:italic><jats:sub>0</jats:sub>. The experimental data of NiO thin films were prepared at several deposition temperatures in the range of 380–460°C. All estimated values of crystallite sizes are proportional to the experimental data. Thus, the measurement of the crystallite size values by this proposed model is compatible with practical measurements qualitative.</jats:p>

The Effect of Co and Cu Co-Doping Zno Thin Films on Structural and Optical Properties

“…It is critical to determine which element or elements ZnO must be doped with in order to control the bands gap, conductivity, carrier's concentration and applications. Because of the potential uses in spintronics, several researchers have recently focused on doping levels ZnO with incorporating transition metals (TMs) such as Co, Mn, Cu, Ni, Fe, and Cr [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Copper is nearly optimal for changing the properties of ZnO among the other doping elements due to the atoms of copper possesses a radius and electronic shell similar to zinc atoms; thus, replacing zinc with copper does not result in a modification in the lattice constant.…”

“…Copper is nearly optimal for changing the properties of ZnO among the other doping elements due to the atoms of copper possesses a radius and electronic shell similar to zinc atoms; thus, replacing zinc with copper does not result in a modification in the lattice constant. The influence of copper doping on the magnetic fields, photoluminescence, crystalline structure, transmittance, and band gap of ZnO films produced through magnetron sputtering RF, magnetron sputtering DC, pulsed laser deposition, sol-gel methods and spray pyrolysis, it has been extensively studied [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”