The deposition from the Cross in the church of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (France): A masterpiece of Romanesque sculpture? Materials characterization to solve a 20th c. mystery

Coccato, Alessia; Mantovani, Luciana; Ferrari, Romano; Bersani, Danilo; Tribaudino, Mario; Lottici, Pier Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2019.05.019

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…It should be mentioned, only for the sake of curiosity, that a recent study investigated a relief placed in a church of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France, resembling very closely the Deposition from the Cross in the transept of Parma Cathedral, and it reported the same date, 1178, and signature of Benedictus Antelami. According to the results of archival and historical research and scientific investigations on the materials, this copy of the original relief sculpture conserved in Parma was created in the early 1900s [4]. Several scientific studies have been carried out on medieval sculptures showing polychromies in engraved marble [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the stones, mixtures of iron oxides and chalk with resinous, bituminous, or waxy material containing pigments were used. For the mastic encrustation, fine-grained black crushed coal or carbon black were employed [4,14]. A final layer of polishing was applied using waxy substances to allow greater durability of the surface [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A final layer of polishing was applied using waxy substances to allow greater durability of the surface [15,16]. In Italy, the use of mastic encrustations dates to Roman times and it was subsequently diffused in the Mediterranean area between the 10th and 13th centuries [4]. The relief sculpture by Benedetto Antelami in the Cathedral of Parma represents an example in the Tuscan-Emilian area [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Polychromatic Inscriptions on the Relief Sculpture Deposition from the Cross by Benedetto Antelami in Parma Cathedral, Italy

Potenza,

Lottici,

Casoli

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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This paper reports on the studies carried out on engraved inscriptions of the Deposition from the Cross by Benedetto Antelami (1150–1230), a relief sculpture conserved in the Cathedral of Parma (Italy). The inscriptions between the characters show residues of colored material in alternating red- and dark-colored stripes. The purpose of this specific investigation was to identify the materials (pigments and organic binders) used for the polychromy that are still present on the relief sculpture. Seven microsamples were taken to carry out laboratory analyses. In red-colored letters, mercury, and sulfur, constituents of the cinnabar (or vermilion) pigment were easily identified by SEM-EDS. This result is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and XRD measurements. In the dark letters, carbon, iron, and lead are observed. The presence of materials containing metals is compatible with a mastic encrustation technique. FT-IR, Raman, and XRD techniques clearly detect beeswax, which was probably used as a polishing material. Amino acids and lipids that are typical of eggs have been identified by means of GC-MS investigations, suggesting their use as organic components of the mastic encrustation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Polychromatic Inscriptions on the Relief Sculpture Deposition from the Cross by Benedetto Antelami in Parma Cathedral, Italy

Potenza,

Lottici,

Casoli

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…The traditional cultural imaginative expression of sculpture emerged in the cultural atmosphere and era of China and is a presentation of traditional Chinese culture through Western sculpture art [7][8]. Unlike Western abstract expressions, Chinese imaginative expressions are more sensual.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jun Fan. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1) (2024)[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] …”

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confidence: 99%

Research on the artistic expression form of traditional cultural imagery in sculpture modeling based on DE-GWO model

Fan

2023

Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences

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The speed at which the data is generated, processed and stored to meet the demands of our lives today requires new technologies for handling and using this amount of data. Research on the effective usage of this data suggests that data analysis can contribute to international development, by improving decision-making, in health care, economic, and human resource development. Using artificial intelligence helps in discovering the important features of the data and to use it in classifying known data or in predicting the state of unseen data. In this paper, we propose a hybrid model that combines between Decision Tree algorithm and the Naïve Bayes algorithm in linear functions to improve the performance of a single classifier. Our algorithm is tested for three features and four features on binary data only. The simulation results indicate that our proposed algorithm outperforms the two algorithms tested separately on the same data in terms of accuracy which refers to the number of cases predicted correctly.

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Tracing origin and history of Virgin and Child in Majesty, the oldest wooden polychrome statuette in the Czech Republic

Hradilová,

Hradil,

Širillová

et al. 2023

Archaeometry

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A wooden polychrome statuette of Virgin and Child in Majesty, currently in the Museum Montanelli in Prague, is actually a torso. It was created in the 11th or the 12th century at the latest, being the oldest wooden polychrome statuette in the Czech Republic. Current research combining advanced imaging and micro‐analytical methods, substantially contributed to the determination of its regional origin and detection and dating of later interventions. Identified pigments, including azurite, vivianite and smalt together with changes in gilding technology were found to be essential in tracing the story of the statuette over time.

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The deposition from the Cross in the church of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (France): A masterpiece of Romanesque sculpture? Materials characterization to solve a 20th c. mystery

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

The Polychromatic Inscriptions on the Relief Sculpture Deposition from the Cross by Benedetto Antelami in Parma Cathedral, Italy

The Polychromatic Inscriptions on the Relief Sculpture Deposition from the Cross by Benedetto Antelami in Parma Cathedral, Italy

Research on the artistic expression form of traditional cultural imagery in sculpture modeling based on DE-GWO model

Tracing origin and history of Virgin and Child in Majesty, the oldest wooden polychrome statuette in the Czech Republic

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