The dependence of the iron–carbon eutectic transition temperature on thermal history and its implications for thermometry

Sasajima, N.; Yamada, Yoshiro; Wang, Y.; Bloembergen, P.; Wang, T.; Coze, J. Le

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.12.158

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…2, the peritectic melting plateaux of cell 6SS-3 are shown for annealing times of 0, 1, 2, 4, and 10 h. The melting range and the melting temperature are unchanged, but the duration of the plateau becomes longer as the annealing time increases. This is contrary to the M-C eutectics, for which the melting range becomes smaller and the temperature higher as the annealing time increases, while the plateau duration stays the same, although at a magnitude hardly noticeable except for the Fe-C eutectic [7]. …”

Section: Effect Of Annealing On the Peritectic Melting Plateauxcontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…The mechanism of this effect is different from the annealing effect for the M-C eutectics, which is explained by the variation in surface energy of the solid-liquid interface due to differences in eutectic structure size [7,8]. In [2], it is shown that the freezing of the peritectic involves a reaction between liquid and graphite to form a carbide that covers the graphite surface.…”

Section: Effect Of Annealing On the Peritectic Melting Plateau Durationmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Experimental Investigation of the Cr3C2–C Peritectic Fixed Point

2008

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The Cr 3 C 2 -C (1,826 • C) peritectic point was investigated for its performance as a high-temperature fixed point. Dependence on the impurity content was observed, although it was less severe for the higher of the two equilibrium temperatures obtained with the same cell, the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic point, than for the lower, the Cr 7 C 3 -Cr 3 C 2 eutectic point. Thermal history had an effect on the melting plateau duration, but not on the point-of-inflection temperature nor on the melting range. The melting rate had no apparent effect. The repeatability evaluated as the standard deviation of the repeated melting plateaux within a day was 20 mK for the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic point, while for the Cr 7 C 3 -Cr 3 C 2 eutectic point, this was 210 mK. For both the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic and the Cr 7 C 3 -Cr 3 C 2 eutectic, the freezing plateaux often showed deep supercools, which made them unsuitable for use. The observed good repeatability shows the peritectic-point performance to be comparable to the best MC-eutectic high-temperature fixed points investigated so far. The insensitivity to thermal history constitutes an important and practical advantage. The low price of chromium is a clear benefit as compared to Pt-C (1,738 • C) or Ru-C (1,953 • C) eutectic points, the M-C eutectic points in this temperature range.

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Section: Effect Of Annealing On the Peritectic Melting Plateauxcontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Effect Of Annealing On the Peritectic Melting Plateau Durationmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental Investigation of the Cr3C2–C Peritectic Fixed Point

2008

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“…It is clear that this method should be followed when filling Cr 3 C 2 -C cells. the melt as well [10][11][12]. Therefore, it is of interest to observe the structures formed by a peritectic reaction, and to consider the effect they may have on the melting or freezing temperature.…”

Section: Comparison Of Non-porous Cells With and Without C/c-sheet Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Metal Carbide-Carbon Peritectic Phase Transition for the Cr-C System

Yamada¹,

Wang²,

Zheng³

et al. 2007

Int J Thermophys

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The authors recently reported the very first radiometric plateau observation of high-temperature fixed points of metal-carbide carbon peritectics. These act in a similar way to the metal (carbide)-carbon eutectic points in the sense that they can be used at high temperature without being contaminated by their graphite crucibles. The performance seems similar in terms of repeatability and plateau shape. The peritectic transition temperatures are close to the transition temperatures of some of the metal (carbide)-carbon eutectics. In this article, results of further study to understand the melting and freezing involved in these fixed points are reported, with the focus on the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic point. Difficulty in producing an ingot without voids was encountered. To overcome this, a filling technique that takes advantage of the capillary effect was devised. Plateau shapes and microstructures observed with electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA) and back-scattered electron imaging (BSE) for various filling methods were compared. The observation of two fixed-point plateaux, one at the Cr 3 C 2 -C peritectic point and the other at a lower temperature of the Cr 7 C 3 -Cr 3 C 2 eutectic point, correlates to the presence of two kinds of domains in the observed microstructure. The graphite crucible is shown to play an essential role in realizing peritectic plateaux of good quality.

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“…Considerable experimental research has been conducted to confirm the reliability of the new fixed points [5,6]. Unlike the fixed points for pure materials, the alloy fixed points utilize the melting point instead of solidification because the maximum temperature of the solidification plateau varies widely depending on solidification conditions such as a furnace temperature and microstructure [7][8][9]. Little theoretical analyses have been carried out to evaluate the reliability of the eutectic fixed points.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little theoretical analyses have been carried out to evaluate the reliability of the eutectic fixed points. By applying the Jackson-Hunt (JH) theory, the square-root law of the solid/liquid (s/l) interface undercooling during solidification has been explained [9]. However, the equation does not apply to the melting process because important phenomena in the solidification process such as solute redistribution at the s/l interface do not occur in the melting process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Prediction of Eutectic Temperature Using a Multi-phase-Field Model

et al. 2011

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To evaluate the reliability of metal-carbon eutectic systems as fixed points for the next generation of the international temperature scale, the effect of the eutectic microstructure on the temperature at the solid/liquid (s/l) interface during solidification and melting is preliminarily investigated using a multi-phase-field model. First, the effects of furnace temperature, lamellar spacing, and interface energy on the average temperature of the s/l interface are studied in the solidification process. With increased furnace undercooling, the s/l interface temperature was found to decrease. Calculated eutectic microstructures are then adopted as initial conditions for a melting simulation. The interface undercooling during melting is observed to be smaller than that observed during solidification. This difference in interface undercooling is attributed to the solute/solvent concentration profiles in the liquid phase near the s/l interface being different for melting and solidification.

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The dependence of the iron–carbon eutectic transition temperature on thermal history and its implications for thermometry

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Cr3C2–C Peritectic Fixed Point

Experimental Investigation of the Cr3C2–C Peritectic Fixed Point

A Study of the Metal Carbide-Carbon Peritectic Phase Transition for the Cr-C System

Numerical Prediction of Eutectic Temperature Using a Multi-phase-Field Model

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