The density of cement phases

Balonis, Magdalena; Glasser, F. P.

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.06.005

Cited by 226 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Preparation of stratlingite Stratlingite was synthesised following a similar methodology to that reported by Balonis and Glasser (2009) and Matschei et al (2007b). Stoichiometric mixtures of Na 2 SiO 3 ·5H 2 O (Aldrich), NaAlO 2 (sodium aluminate) (Sigma-Aldrich) and CaO (calcium oxide) (from CaCO 3 (calcite), Alfa Aesar) were added into double-boiled distilled water at 20°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is an increasing interest in the synthesis and advanced characterisation (Balonis and Glasser, 2009) of single phases that are involved in the hydration of cements, such as ye'elimite (Cuesta et al, 2013), belite (Cuesta et al, , 2014, alite (De la Torre et al, 2002), katoite (Dilnesa et al, 2014), stratlingite (Kwan et al, 1995) and so on. The formation of these new crystalline phases in the cement pastes can be determined and quantified through X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) jointly with the Rietveld methodology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(d) Slow hydration of calcium aluminium silicate glasses in saturated solutions of calcium hydroxide at 20°C for 120 d (Kuzel, 1976). (e) Stoichiometric mixture of calcium oxide, Na 2 Si 2 O 5 ·2H 2 O and sodium aluminate (NaAlO 2 ) in water, which was stirred for 4 weeks at RT prior to filtration (Balonis and Glasser, 2009;Matschei et al, 2007a). The best result seems to be obtained by this last route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some properties of these stratlingite powders (cell dimensions, space group, density, etc.) are described elsewhere (Balonis and Glasser, 2009 (Wang, 2010). Rinaldi et al (1990) The symmetry of stratlingite is R3 m. The structure analysis (Rinaldi et al, 1990) indicates that the octahedral layer shows an ordered scheme where each aluminium-octahedron is linked to six edge-sharing Ca VII polyhedra (two out of three positions are then occupied by the seven coordinated Ca-type cation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Structure of stratlingite and effect of hydration methodology on microstructure

Santacruz

Torre

Álvarez-Pinazo

et al. 2016

Advances in Cement Research

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Stratlingite, Ca 4 Al 2 (OH) 12 [AlSi(OH) 8 ] 2 ·2H 2 O, is an AFm phase which appears as a hydration product of aluminium-rich cements. These binders may be calcium aluminate cements, calcium sulfoaluminate cements and also belite calcium sulfo-aluminate (BCSA) cements. The structure of stratlingite is known from single-crystal studies of tiny minerals but their bulk formation, crystal structure and microstructure of powders is poorly understood. This paper reports on the synthesis of stratlingite and a complete structural and microstructural characterisation by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy and thermal analyses. The structural and microstructural models have important implications for a correct quantitative phase analysis of stratlingite in cement pastes (for instance, in pastes of BCSA cements). The microstructure of stratlingite formed in cement pastes is highly dependent on the hydration conditions. In BCSA pastes, the (003) line position of stratlingite appears slightly shifted towards higher diffracting angles (lower inter-layered distance) after stopping hydration compared to that of a similar phase present in a paste analysed without stopping hydration. This is related to dehydration and disorder. This shift and peak broadening is even larger when the paste has suffered partial dehydration during curing (apart from stopping hydration). A microstructural study is presented.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Structure of stratlingite and effect of hydration methodology on microstructure

Santacruz

Torre

Álvarez-Pinazo

et al. 2016

Advances in Cement Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…AFm are a set of phases with crystalline layered structures. The AFm phase refers to a family of hydrated calcium aluminates based on the hydrocalumite structure, Ca 4 [5,6] In a similar way, AFt are a set of crystalline tridimensional framework compounds. By far the most common AFt phase is ettringite which has the stoichiometry C 3 A .…”

Section: A Very Brief Introduction To Portland Cement and Concretesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent studies of cements and concretes by synchrotron radiation crystallographic and cognate methods

Aranda

2015

Crystallography Reviews

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The portfolio of available synchrotron radiation techniques is increasing notably for cements and pastes. Furthermore, sometimes the terminology is confusing and an overall picture highlighting similarities and differences of related techniques was lacking. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to review recent advances in synchrotron techniques providing a comprehensive overview. This work is not intended to gather all publications in cement chemistry but to give a unified picture through selected examples. Crystallographic techniques are used for structure determination, quantitative phase analyses and microstructure characterization. These studies are not only carried out in standard conditions but synchrotron techniques are especially suited to non-ambient conditions: high temperatures and pressures, hydration, etc., and combinations. Related crystallographic techniques, like Pair Distribution Function, are being used for the analysis of ill-crystalline phase(s). Furthermore, crystallographic tools are also employed in imaging techniques including scanning diffraction microscopy and tomography and coherent diffraction imaging. Other synchrotron techniques are also reviewed including X-rays absorption spectroscopy for local structure and speciation characterizations; small angle X-ray scattering for microstructure analysis and several imaging techniques for microstructure quantification: full-field soft and hard X-ray nano-tomographies; scanning infrared spectro-microscopy; scanning transmission and fluorescence X-ray tomographies. Finally, a personal outlook is provided.

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Sensitivity of chemical cement alteration – modeling the effect of parameter uncertainty and varying subsurface conditions

et al. 2015

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To ensure the safety of a CO 2 storage site and containment of CO 2 in the subsurface, the integrity of wellbore materials must be maintained. Field and laboratory studies have shown CO 2 -induced reactivity of wellbore cement, but these results have to be extrapolated to the extended time span of CO 2 storage. Geochemical modeling provides a tool for the prediction of cement alteration; however, large uncertainties in input parameters exist and signifi cant variation in subsurface conditions is expected. This asks for a systematic investigation of the sensitivity of modeled cement alteration towards these factors. In this paper we report PHREEQC simulations of CO 2 diffusion into cement and subsequent chemical reactions. The sensitivity of cement alteration toward reaction rates, initial porosity, temperature/mineralogy and fl ow/no fl ow conditions were investigated. The base case model indicated that intact cement and tight interfaces between the reservoir and the cement would yield less than 1% porosity change after 300 days of diffusion. For porosity increase or degradation to occur at the cement interface, leaching/fl ow along the wellbore was required. The sensitivity scenarios yield CO 2 penetration depths between 0.3 cm and 1.4 cm after 300 days of diffusion. The maximum was reached for the high porosity (fast diffusion) scenario that facilitates CO 2 transport through the cement matrix. The minimum CO 2 penetration was for enhanced calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) decalcifi cation, which increases calcite precipitation, CO 2 consumption, and hence decelerates CO 2 penetration. This is related to high temperatures (and more crystalline C-S-H) or to higher kinetic rate constants used.

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The density of cement phases

Cited by 226 publications

References 49 publications

Structure of stratlingite and effect of hydration methodology on microstructure

Structure of stratlingite and effect of hydration methodology on microstructure

Recent studies of cements and concretes by synchrotron radiation crystallographic and cognate methods

Sensitivity of chemical cement alteration – modeling the effect of parameter uncertainty and varying subsurface conditions

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