The Delay in Cavity Formation in the Intrusive Mode of Coalescence of a Freely Falling Drop with a Target Liquid

Chashechkin, Yu. D.; Ilinykh, A. Yu.

doi:10.1134/s102833582101002x

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The experiments carried out showed that the observed patterns of the drop substance transfer in the target fluid are naturally divided into two groups. Drops approaching the surface at a low velocity at which the APSE exceeds the KE E σ > E k , smoothly flow in and form a compact colored volume in the thickness of the target fluid [77]. The surface of a fluid with a partially infused drop remains convex for some time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intrusive and Impact Modes of a Falling Drop Coalescence with a Target Fluid at Rest

Chashechkin

Ilinykh

2023

Axioms

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The evolution of the falling drop substance transfer in a target fluid at rest was traced by high-speed video techniques. Two flow modes were studied: slow intrusive flow, when the KE of the drop was comparable or less than the available potential energy (APSE), and a fast impact flow, at a relatively high drop contact velocity. For the substance transfer visualization, a drop of alizarin ink solution at various concentrations was used. The use of transparent partially colored fluid allows tracing the drop matter motion in the bulk and on the fluid free surface. The traditional side and frontal view of flow patterns were registered and analyzed. In both flow modes, the substance of the drop partially remained on the free surface and partially went into the target fluid bulk, where it was distributed non-uniformly. In the intrusive mode, the drop substance partially remained on the surface, while the main mass of the drop flowed into the thickness of the target fluid, forming the lenticular colored domain. The intrusion was gradually transformed into an annular vortex. In the impact mode, the drop broke up into individual fibers during the coalescence, creating linear and reticular structures on the surface of the cavity and the crown. The flow patterns composed of individual fibers were rapidly rebuilt as the flow evolved and the splash emerged and decayed. The sizes of cavities and colored fluid domains were compared in different flow regimes as well. The total energy transfer and transformation impact on the flow structure formation and dynamics was revealed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 ms. The vortex ring itself begins to form and descend after the end of a series of fast processes [77].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrusive and Impact Modes of a Falling Drop Coalescence with a Target Fluid at Rest

Chashechkin

Ilinykh

2023

Axioms

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“…At a low contact velocity of the drop, the shape and internal structure of the area of colored liquid in the cuvette resembles a "mushroom-shaped" dusty cloud of a groundbased nuclear explosion [23][24][25]. In this range of parameters, the drop inflows directly into the liquid, and the cavity is formed with a delay of about 10 ms [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine Flow Structure at the Miscible Fluids Contact Domain Boundary in the Impact Mode of Free-Falling Drop Coalescence

Chashechkin,

Ilinykh

2023

Fluids

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Registration of the flow pattern and the matter distribution of a free falling liquid drop in a target fluid at rest in the impact mode of coalescence when the kinetic energy (KEn) of the drop exceeds its available surface potential energy (ASPe) was carried out by photo and video recording. We studied the evolution of the fine flow structure at the initial stage of the cavity formation. To carry out color registration, the observation field was illuminated by several matrix LED and fiber-optic sources of constant light. The planning of experiments and interpretation of the results were based on the properties of the complete solutions of the fundamental equations of a fluid mechanics system, including the transfer and conversion of energy processes. Complete solutions of the system of equations describe large-scale flow components that are waves or vortices as well as thin jets (ligaments, filaments, fibers, trickles). In experiments, the jets are accelerated by the converted available surface potential energy (ASPe) when the free surfaces of merging fluids were eliminated. The experiments were performed with the coalescence of water, solutions of alizarin ink, potassium permanganate, and copper sulfate or iron sulfate drops in deep water. In all cases, at the initial contact, the drop begins to lose its continuity and breaks up into a thin veil and jets, the velocity of which exceeds the drop contact velocity. Small droplets, the size of which grows with time, are thrown into the air from spikes at the jet tops. On the surface of the liquid, the fine jets leave colored traces that form linear and reticular structures. Part of the jets penetrating through the bottom and wall of the cavity forms an intermediate covering layer. The jets forming the inside layer are separated by interfaces of the target fluid. The processes of molecular diffusion equalize the density differences and form an intermediate layer with sharp boundaries in the target fluid. All noted structural features of the flow are also visualized when a fresh water drop isothermally spreads in the same tap water. Molecular diffusion processes gradually smooth out the fast-changing boundary of merging fluids, which at the initial stage has a complex and irregular shape. Similar flow patterns were observed in all performed experiments; however, the geometric features of the flow depend on the individual thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of the contacting fluids.

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Atomic-molecular effects in geophysical hydrodynamics

Chashechkin

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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To calculate the dynamics and structure of flows, a system of fundamental equations of fluid mechanics with equations of state for the Gibbs potential and density of an inhomogeneous medium is applied. The complete solution of the system describes ligaments, waves, vortices, jets, wakes, and other types of flows. Calculations of flow patterns around obstacles are consistent with the experiment. Observations of the processes of merging a freely falling drop with a target fluid revealed that the finest components are formed during the direct generation of ligaments by atomic-molecular processes. The involvement of a scaled and parametrically invariant system of fundamental equations permits the study of unsteady energetic flows and more accurately describes their dynamics and structure in the whole range of scales from microscopic to global.

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The Delay in Cavity Formation in the Intrusive Mode of Coalescence of a Freely Falling Drop with a Target Liquid

Cited by 16 publications

References 12 publications

Intrusive and Impact Modes of a Falling Drop Coalescence with a Target Fluid at Rest

Intrusive and Impact Modes of a Falling Drop Coalescence with a Target Fluid at Rest

Fine Flow Structure at the Miscible Fluids Contact Domain Boundary in the Impact Mode of Free-Falling Drop Coalescence

Atomic-molecular effects in geophysical hydrodynamics

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