The deglaciation of southern Sweden 13,500‐10,000 B.P.

Abstract

Because of its well‐developed ice‐marginal zones, SW Sweden is an important reference area for the study of deglaciation, chronology and palaeoclimate 13,500‐10,000 B.P. The ice‐marginal zones are described and defined. Earlier research and opinions concerning the deglaciation are summarized. Based on radiocarbon dates from shells, vertebrate bones and limnic sediments, a revised deglaciation chronology is presented. This chronology is supported by biostratigraphic transects of time‐space diagrams. The radiocarbon and varve chronologies are compared. Some ice‐marginal zones are supposed to be 400 to 900 years older than expected from the varve chronology. The deglaciation chronology is correlated within the southern margin of the Scandinavian inland ice. Various consequences for the interpretation of glacial dynamics, shoreline displacement, and the biological environment are mentioned.

Deglaciation chronology of the Pandivere and Palivere ice-marginal zones in Estonia

“…12,500 cal yr BP (Svendsen et al, 2004) or 12,500 ±700 10 Be years (Rinterknecht et al, 2004). It is pos si ble that the Palivere ice-mar ginal zone was formed at the same time as the Levene mar ginal zone in Swe den (13,400 cal yr BP; Lundqvist and Wohlfarth, 2001), as sug gested by Berglund (1979) and Lundqvist (1992; cited af ter Lokrantz and Sohlenius, 2006).…”

“…The age of the Palivere ice-mar ginal zone has been revised sev eral times due to the ap pli ca tion of dif fer ent dat ing meth ods that did not pro duce re li able re sults (Raukas, 2009). Serebryanny and Raukas (1966) cor re lated the Palivere ice readvance with the Vimmerby ad vance in Swe den in con trast to Berglund (1979), who cor re lated the Palivere zone with the Levene Mo raines in Cen tral Swe den. The age of the Vimmerby ad vance was re cently re ap praised us ing the ter res trial cosmogenic nu clide method and was dated to ca.…”

Postglacial depositional environments and sedimentation rates in the Norwegian Channel off southern Norway

“…6, 7B). The ice margin was located in the uppermost northern slope of the Norwegian Channel or in the coastal area of southern Norway and southwestern Sweden (Berglund, 1979;Bergstrøm, 1999). Unit B is fairly thin (b20 m) in the deepest part of the Skagerrak and in the northern slope of the Norwegian Channel (Fig.…”

Regional deglaciation and postglacial lake development as reflected in a 74 m sedimentary record from Lake Vättern, southern Sweden

“…1) including a lobate appearance over the southern tip of the lake (e.g., Lundqvist & Wohlfarth 2000). This extension was first proposed by Munthe (1940) and has been reiterated in various versions in later studies (Lundqvist 1954(Lundqvist , 1961Nilsson 1968;Mörner 1969;Berglund 1979;Lundqvist & Wohlfarth 2000). Dating along the Levene ice marginal line indicates ages between , 13.8 -13.4 cal.…”

“…1 and 2). This zone has been the subject of extensive research since the late 19 th century (e.g., De Geer 1896;Munthe 1940;Nilsson 1953;Lundqvist 1961;Nilsson 1968;Mörner 1969;Berglund 1979) using mainly geomorphological observations and various dating methods including varve chronology, pollen assemblages and radiocarbon analysis. The MSEMZ west of Lake Vättern has often been described by southerly (Skövde) and northerly (Billingen) bounding lines, which merge into a single line as they extend westward beyond Mt Billingen (e.g., Berglund 1979;Lundqvist & Wohlfarth 2000) (Fig.…”