The deformation matrix for simultaneous simple shearing, pure shearing and volume change, and its application to transpression-transtension tectonics

Fossen, Haakon; Tikoff, Basil

doi:10.1016/0191-8141(93)90137-y

Cited by 445 publications

(214 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…There are slight variations, however, between the theoretical predictions and deformation along the QCF. The predicted transition from a pure shear to a simple shear-dominated transpressive regime occurs abruptly at the relatively small angle of 15°rather than at the predicted 20° (Fossen and Tikoff, 1993). Transpression (in the strict definition of Sanderson and Marchini, 1984) lies on a continuum with other types of deformation that could result from oblique convergence (Fossen and Tikoff, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Abrupt Transition in the Mechanical Response of the Upper Crust to Transpression along the Queen Charlotte Fault

Tréhu¹,

Scheidhauer²,

Rohr³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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The Queen Charlotte Fault (QCF) is a major strike-slip fault that forms the boundary between the Pacific and North American plates from 51°to 58°N. Near 53.2°N, the angle of oblique convergence predicted by the Mid-Ocean Ridge VELocity (MORVEL) interplate pole of rotation decreases from > 15°in the south to < 15°in the north. South of 53.2°N, the convergent component of plate motion results in the formation of a 40 km wide terrace on the Pacific plate west of QCF and earthquakes with thrust mechanisms (including the 2012 Haida Gwaii earthquake sequence) are observed. North of 53.2°N, in the primary rupture zone of the M 8.1 strike-slip earthquake of 1949, the linear terrace disappears, and topography of the continental slope west of the QCF is characterized by a complex pattern of ridges and basins that trend obliquely to the primary trace of the QCF. Deformation within the Pacific plate appears to occur primarily through strike-slip faulting with a minor thrust component on secondary synthetic faults. The orientations of these secondary faults, as determined from seismic reflection and bathymetric data, are consistent with the reactivation of faults originally formed as ridge-parallel normal faults and as thrust faults formed parallel to the QCF south of the bend at 53.2°N and subsequently translated to the north. We suggest that an oblique convergence angle of 15°represents a critical threshold separating distinct crustal responses to transpression. This result is consistent with theoretical and analog strain models of transpressive plate boundaries. The sharpness of this transition along the QCF, in contrast to purely continental transform boundaries, may be facilitated by the relatively simple structure of oceanic crust and the presence of pre-existing, optimally oriented faults in the young Pacific plate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Abrupt Transition in the Mechanical Response of the Upper Crust to Transpression along the Queen Charlotte Fault

Tréhu¹,

Scheidhauer²,

Rohr³

et al. 2015

Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America

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“…It is possible, therefore, that the shear zones reflect transpressional tectonism (Sanderson and Marchini, 1984;Dewey, Holdsworth, and Strachan, 1998). According to modelling studies (Fossen and Tikoff, 1993;Fossen, Tikoff, and Teyssier, 1994;Dutton, 1997), the orientation of lineations within transpressional shear zones may not accurately reflect the displacement history of the shear zones, because shortening perpendicular to the shear zone boundaries results in subvertical stretching, which may lead to steeply plunging lineations even when the overall displacement history of the shear zone is dominantly strike-slip. This possibility needs to be considered for the shear zones marking the WNS.…”

Section: Displacement and Deformation History Of The Wnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New evidence for Cretaceous strike-slip faulting in the United States Cordillera and implications for terrane-displacement, deformation patterns, and plutonism

Wyld¹,

Wright²

2001

American Journal of Science

100

105

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ABSTRACT. Early to mid-Cretaceous dextral strike-slip faulting, involving up to 400 km displacement, has been documented in the southern Sierra Nevada of California. In western Idaho, the Salmon River suture juxtaposes unrelated oceanic and continental rocks along a major, near-vertical shear zone that was active in the Early to mid-Cretaceous. These two structural zones have been treated as separate entities; however, new data indicate that they likely connect via a structural discontinuity in northwest Nevada and southeast Oregon, herein called the western Nevada shear zone (WNS).Current structures within the WNS record dip-slip contractional deformation; however, regional relations (structural and stratigraphic) indicate a mismatch in the early Mesozoic geology of rocks across the WNS that is best explained by dextral strike-slip displacement of several 100 km. These relations argue that an early strike-slip structure along the WNS was reactivated and obscured during later regional shortening deformation, most likely related to the Cretaceous Sevier orogeny. The WNS is along strike and broadly coeval with the Salmon River suture zone and strike-slip boundaries in the Sierra Nevada. We hypothesize that all these features are related elements of a major structural boundary in the western United States Cordillera. This boundary is interpreted to have accommodated significant dextral strike-slip displacement of outboard arc terranes of the Cordillera in the Early Cretaceous, followed by reactivation as a localized contractional zone in the mid-Cretaceous during the Sevier orogeny. Cretaceous batholiths of the United States Cordillera closely parallel the boundary, which we suggest formed a major crustal flaw that localized and facilitated emplacement of arc magmas.

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“…In contrast, although oblate strains, as inferred in the transition zone, are considered a common feature in transpression zones (Sanderson & Marchini 1984;Fossen & Tikoff 1993;Dewey et al 1998) and the Zshaped geometry of the type B folds may be compatible with a dextral shear during contraction, we do not have field evidence for an overall transpressive deformation. However, interpretations of geophysical data suggest that transpressive movements are likely to have occurred in this part of the Brabant Massif.…”

Section: Strain Partitioningmentioning

confidence: 46%

Transitional geometries between gently plunging and steeply plunging folds: an example from the Lower Palaeozoic Brabant Massif, Anglo-Brabant deformation belt, Belgium

Debacker

Sintubin

Verniers

2004

JGS

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Although many studies have dealt with markedly different fold orientations and associated cleavage-fold relationships within individual, single-phase deformed fold belts, there are very few descriptions of possible gradual, transitional fold geometries. The Lower Cambrian steep core of the singlephase deformed Brabant Massif contains steeply plunging, west-facing folds with a Z-shaped asymmetry, whereas the Ordovician-Silurian southern rim consists of gently plunging, upward facing folds. A gradual transition is observed between these end-member orientations, in a NW-SE-trending zone 1-1.5 km wide, in which the folds appear to be strongly curvilinear and locally downward facing. The structural geometries within this transition zone are described in detail and the geometric changes analysed in the light of the fold transition. The strongly variable fold orientations are tentatively attributed to a bulk oblate tectonic strain. The transition zone overlies an aeromagnetic lineament, classically interpreted as a dextral shear zone. The steeply plunging folds, the transition zone and the aeromagnetic lineaments are all attributed to a local dextral transpression, in which deformation is partitioned both vertically and laterally. The results indicate that within zones of heterogeneous transpression, the different deformation domains are not necessarily always fault bounded.

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The deformation matrix for simultaneous simple shearing, pure shearing and volume change, and its application to transpression-transtension tectonics

Cited by 445 publications

References 24 publications

An Abrupt Transition in the Mechanical Response of the Upper Crust to Transpression along the Queen Charlotte Fault

An Abrupt Transition in the Mechanical Response of the Upper Crust to Transpression along the Queen Charlotte Fault

New evidence for Cretaceous strike-slip faulting in the United States Cordillera and implications for terrane-displacement, deformation patterns, and plutonism

Transitional geometries between gently plunging and steeply plunging folds: an example from the Lower Palaeozoic Brabant Massif, Anglo-Brabant deformation belt, Belgium

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