The Defense-Development Nexus: Brazilian Nuclear Policy under the Workers’ Party Administrations

Abstract

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Política Nuclear Comparada: Um Estudo de Caso do Impacto Norte-Americano nos Programas da Índia e do Brasil (1946/2018)

“…Supported by a favorable economic situation, the government expanded defense sector financing, both conventionally and nuclearly. A similar argument is presented by Herz, Dawood and Lage (2018), indicating the resumption of the security-development nexus, with the nuclear sector as one of its pillars. As highlighted by Andrade, Carpes and Leite, In Luis Inácio Lula da Silva's government (2003Silva's government ( -2010, there is the resumption of the Brazilian Nuclear Program (BNP), which begins with the revision of the existing program and the confirmation of its original objectives, namely: the construction of the nuclear submarine and the inauguration of the commercial uranium enrichment plant.…”

Rethinking Polanyi’s Fictitious Commodities Based on the Brazilian Nuclear Segment

“…Admiral Álvaro Alberto's nationalistic position, as well as the work performed by the Brazilian Navy, allowed important advances between 1951 and 1963 (Herz, Dawood and Lage 2018). It is worth mentioning the creation of the National Research Council in 1951, (now the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq in Portuguese)), originally strongly oriented to nuclear development (Jesus 2012).…”

“…Brazil played an important role in global nuclear policy during the presidential administrations led by the Workers' Party (2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016), both nationally and internationally. Former Presidents Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff, in addition to promoting substantial advances that entailed the revitalization of large projects (such as the resumption of the construction of the Angra III nuclear power plant), advocated the central role of the State in promoting national development (Herz et al 2018), in addition to the search for decolonization processes. The subsequent years have been marked by the stagnation of the sector, aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic, starting in 2020 (and as of this writing, still in full swing).…”

Brazilian foreign policy: from the combined to the unbalanced axis (2003/2021)

“…An ideal type of combined axis coalition was the Brazil, India, Germany, and Japan alliance in favor of UN Security Council (UNSC) reform (the G4), which was highly active and lost strength when the US started to support only India's and Japan's claims. Brazil also accelerated agreements with nations such as France in order to revitalize its defense industry, searching for new technological investments and modernization of its Armed Forces (Herz et al 2018) SSC extended to Africa, Asia, and the Middle East. The political goal was to reinforce coalitions and gain support for Brazil's candidacy to the UNSC as a permanent member.…”