The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum in Lake Superior

Barbiero, Richard P.; Tuchman, Marc L.

doi:10.1016/s0380-1330(04)70390-1

Cited by 76 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Nedbalová et al, 2006). Also the vertical gradients and seasonal patterns in biovolume-specific cell chlorophyll content reported from the above mentioned and other lakes (Barbiero & Tuchman, 2004) generally agreed well with our Plešné Lake data. Similarly to the Lake Redó (Felip & Catalan, 2000), also in Plešné Lake elevated chlorophyll to biomass ratio was generally connected with reduced average light availability, which was influenced by seasonal changes in surface irradiance, mixing depth, and position of cells in water column.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Chlorophyll content of Plešné Lake phytoplankton cells studied with image analysis

Nedoma

Nedbalová

2006

Biologia

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Using image analysis, chlorophyll autofluorescence was measured in single cells of green alga Monoraphidium dybowskii and in filaments of cyanobacteria (Pseudanabaena sp. and Limnothrix sp.) in the vertical profile of small acidified mountain lake Plešné jezero (Plešné Lake) from May to November of 2003. Cell chlorophyll autofluorescence was converted to cell chlorophyll content using a conversion factor determined by comparing the total autofluorescence of phytoplankton in a microscope field with spectrophotometrically determined total chlorophyll concentration; the conversion factor did not differ between epilimnion (0.5 m depth) and hypolimnion (9 m depth). Vertical patterns of chlorophyll concentration and of cellular chlorophyll content depended on water column mixing: during the period of stable thermal stratification, a metalimnetic peak in total chlorophyll concentration was present and cellular chlorophyll contents in the metalimnion and hypolimnion were notably elevated compared to the surface. Monotonous vertical profiles of both total chlorophyll concentration and cell chlorophyll content were typical for the period of water column overturn. During the stratification period, hypolimnetic Monoraphidium cell chlorophyll content was on average twice as high (maximum difference 2.7-fold) compared to surface values (of 3.2-12.9 fg µm −3 ), while in filamentous cyanobacteria (surface cell chlorophyll content of 2.2-13.3 fg µm −3 ), the difference was much higher -six-fold on average, with an 11.6-fold maximum value. The values measured with image analysis in 2003 were compared to unpublished values of total phytoplankton biomass-specific chlorophyll concentrations obtained using manual phytoplankton biomass determination and spectrophotometric chlorophyll measurement in 1998 at the same locality. Good agreement was found in seasonal patterns and vertical profiles of chlorophyll between both seasons.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Chlorophyll content of Plešné Lake phytoplankton cells studied with image analysis

Nedoma

Nedbalová

2006

Biologia

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“…They speculate that this could be due to either light limitation of the phytoplankton at depth or to increased availability of nutrients to phytoplankton in the DCM. In support of low C:P ratios at depth reflecting increased phytoplankton access to nutrients, Barbiero and Tuchman (2004) note that they did observe an expected correlation in the interannual variability of the magnitude of the DCM and length of the stratified period and surface water temperatures. This may reflect a connection between stronger nutrient limitation in surface waters and differences in biomass near the surface and at depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The studies of Tuchman (2001, 2004) and Sterner (2010) cite photoadaptation as a possible factor in DCM formation. Barbiero and Tuchman (2004) find carbon to phosphorus (C:P) ratios in the DCM that are consistently lower than in the epilimnion. They speculate that this could be due to either light limitation of the phytoplankton at depth or to increased availability of nutrients to phytoplankton in the DCM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…An increase in subsurface phytoplankton biomass near the depth of the DCM was noted as well as an increase in productivity associated with the DCM. Barbiero and Tuchman (2004) provide an interannual perspective on the DCM in Lake Superior. In a survey of summertime vertical chlorophyll distribution at 19 offshore sites in Lake Superior from 1996 to 2001, they find a deep chlorophyll maximum in nearly all locations and times further emphasizing the ubiquity of the DCM in summertime Lake Superior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causal mechanisms of the deep chlorophyll maximum in Lake Superior: A numerical modeling investigation

White¹,

Matsumoto²

2012

Journal of Great Lakes Research

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“…Generally, subsurface phytoplankton maxima are common in freshwater ecosystems and are likely responsible for the uneven distribution of primary production within the water column (Lund et al, 1963;Moll and Stoermer, 1982;Fahnenstiel and Glime, 1983;Padisµk et al, 1997;Barbiero and Tuchman, 2004). There are several possible mechanisms that may be involved in formation of the subsurface peaks of diatoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of extreme rainfall on summer succession and vertical distribution of phytoplankton in a lacustrine part of a eutrophic reservoir

Znachor

Zapomělová²,

Řeháková

et al. 2008

Aquat. Sci.

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During the summer of 2006, phytoplankton succession and vertical distribution were studied in the eutrophic Ř ímov Reservoir (Czech Republic). Disturbances in the form of dramatic summer storms had a crucial effect on phytoplankton succession and its vertical distribution. Two extreme rainfalls substantially increased flushing rate, yielding a fairly short retention time within the reservoir that disrupted established thermal stratification. The first storm initiated the development of summer phytoplankton, while the second storm reversed the phytoplankton succession to an earlier stage. The measurement of vertical profiles of chlorophyll a showed that the phytoplankton were heterogeneously distributed in the water column and formed subsurface diatom maxima (SDM) over most of the summer. Biogenic silica deposition studied by PDMPO (2-(4-pyridyl)-5{[4-dimethylaminoethyl-aminocarbamyl)-methoxy] phenyl}oxazole) was measured to compare diatom growth rates over the season and between surface and depth of SDM. Diatoms deposited 20 times more silica at the surface than at the SDM depth, although only a half of diatom population was involved in the silica deposition. Maximum rates of silica deposition were measured in samples just after both summer storms events. When diatoms dominated the phytoplankton, the amounts of available Si and P in water were significantly correlated (r 2 = 0.81, p < 0.001, df = 42). Outliers from the linear relationship were found only during a period when substantial picocyanobacterial population developed in the reservoir. Due to their lack of Si requirements, ambient Si concentration markedly increased while P was depleted to growth limiting levels. Temporal variations in Si:P ratio therefore illustrate the importance of resource competition in phytoplankton seasonal succession.

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The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum in Lake Superior

Abstract: ABSTRACT. Summer surveys conducted on Lake Superior from [1996][1997][1998][1999][2000][2001]

Cited by 76 publications

References 34 publications

Chlorophyll content of Plešné Lake phytoplankton cells studied with image analysis

Chlorophyll content of Plešné Lake phytoplankton cells studied with image analysis

Causal mechanisms of the deep chlorophyll maximum in Lake Superior: A numerical modeling investigation

The effect of extreme rainfall on summer succession and vertical distribution of phytoplankton in a lacustrine part of a eutrophic reservoir

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