The decline of pitch discrimination with time.

Harris, J. Donald

doi:10.1037/h0057373

Cited by 108 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(2 reference statements)

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“…Concerning the time course of decay our conclusions are limited because we used only two retention periods. Nonetheless, our results are compatible with those of Harris (1952) and Mercer and McKeown (2014), identifying decay for a period of at least 15-30 seconds. This contrasts with Baddeley's (1990) hypothesis that decay is limited to the first few (ca.…”

Section: Decay and Encodingsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In a pitch matching decision task, Harris (1952) found an increasing decline in performance with increasing retention intervals, and no convincing alternative explanation has so far been offered for his results. Mercer and McKeown (2014) have recently demonstrated trace decay in a timbre matching and a pitch matching memory experiment.…”

Section: Decay and Encodingmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Notably these studies, including the present one, are short-term memory tasks on nonverbal stimuli: pitch, timbre, and rhythm (Harris, 1952;Mercer & McKeown, 2014). In contrast, most studies that have failed to convincingly demonstrate memory trace decay have focused on retention of verbal material and the multiple components of this mechanism; that is, they have used stimuli that are susceptible to verbal coding and participants could easily engage in rehearsals to maintain memory-a strategy less applicable to nonverbal stimuli.…”

Section: Decay and Encodingmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…However, Mercer and McKeown's (2014) second experiment, using a masking paradigm, indicates that the decay observed at longer retention periods is most likely due to more factors than simply the effect of sensory memory fading. Harris (1952) attempted to explain the depreciation of memory performance by alluding to the decline of neuronal activity resulting from the stimuli. More recently, Jonides et al (2008) have proposed another model and preliminary evidence for the link between neuronal encoding and decay, but the link between neural activity decline and memory performance was not very strong and their model will no doubt undergo further testing and specification.…”

Section: Decay and Encodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential short-term memorisation for vocal and instrumental rhythms

Klyn

Will

Cheong

et al. 2015

Memory

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This study explores differential processing of vocal and instrumental rhythms in short-term memory with three decision (same/different judgments) and one reproduction experiment. In the first experiment, memory performance declined for delayed versus immediate recall, with accuracy for the two rhythms being affected differently: Musicians performed better than non-musicians on clapstick but not on vocal rhythms, and musicians were better on vocal rhythms in the same than in the different condition. Results for the second experiment showed that concurrent sub-vocal articulation and finger-tapping differentially affected the two rhythms and same/different decisions, but produced no evidence for articulatory loop involvement in delayed decision tasks. In a third experiment, which tested rhythm reproduction, concurrent sub-vocal articulation decreased memory performance, with a stronger deleterious effect on the reproduction of vocal than of clapstick rhythms. This suggests that the articulatory loop may only be involved in delayed reproduction not in decision tasks. The fourth experiment tested whether differences between filled and empty rhythms (continuous vs. discontinuous sounds) can explain the different memorisation of vocal and clapstick rhythms. Though significant differences were found for empty and filled instrumental rhythms, the differences between vocal and clapstick can only be explained by considering additional voice specific features.

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Section: Decay and Encodingsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Decay and Encodingmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Decay and Encodingmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Decay and Encodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential short-term memorisation for vocal and instrumental rhythms

Klyn

Will

Cheong

et al. 2015

Memory

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“…Initial support for the notion of time-based forgetting was derived from experiments using the two-tone comparison paradigm-a procedure requiring participants to discriminate two tonal stimuli over a silent retention interval of variable duration. Multiple studies employing this methodology have documented a clear decline in task performance as the retention interval separating the tones increased, seemingly reflecting temporal decay (e.g., Bachem, 1954;Clément, Demany, & Semal, 1999;Harris, 1952;Kaernbach & Schlemmer, 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Updating and feature overwriting in short-term memory for timbre

Mercer

McKeown

2010

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics

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Previous research has demonstrated a potent, stimulus-specific form of interference in short-term auditory memory. This effect has been interpreted in terms of interitem confusion and grouping, but the present experiments suggested that interference might be a feature-specific phenomenon. Participants compared standard and comparison tones over a 10-sec interval and were required to determine whether they differed in timbre. A single interfering distractor tone was presented either 50 msec or 8 sec after the offset of the standard (Experiment 1) or 2 sec prior to its onset (Experiment 2). The distractor varied in the number of features it shared with the standard and comparison, and this proved critical, since performance on the task was greatly impaired when the distractor either consisted of novel, unshared features (Experiment 1) or contained the distinguishing feature of the comparison tone (Experiments 1 and 2). These findings were incompatible with earlier accounts of forgetting but were fully explicable by the recent timbre memory model, which associates interference in short-term auditory memory with an "updating" process and feature overwriting. These results suggest similarities with the mechanisms that underlie forgetting in verbal short-term memory.

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