The Decline and Recovery of a Persistent Texas Brown Tide Algal Bloom in the Laguna Madre (Texas, USA)

Buskey, Edward J.; Liu, Hongbin; Collumb, Christopher; Bersano, José Guilherme F.

doi:10.2307/1353236

Cited by 89 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Such bloom persistence was observed in the Texas (USA) brown tide bloom of A.l. that occurred initially in the Laguna Madre in 1990 (Buskey et al 2001). As in our simulations, the bloom formation was accompanied by a sharp drop in the concentration of ammonium (Buskey et al 1996) and in the abundance of mesozooplankton, microzooplankton, and competing species of phytoplankton (Buskey & Stockwell 1993).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…bloom in Laguna Madre because high salinities linked to drought (55 to 70 psu) may have inhibited the growth of diatoms, but had little effect on the growth of the halotolerant A.l. (Buskey et al 1998(Buskey et al , 2001). Sunda et al (2006) proposed that a combination of an ability to grow competitively at low concentrations of limiting nutrients and low grazing mortality rates would allow EDAB species to proliferate relative to populations of the competing phytoplankton.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A.l. was chosen for this modeling effort because it formed a massive long-lasting EDAB event in the Laguna Madre, Texas (USA) from 1990 to 1997 that was associated with low grazing rates by zooplankton and benthic invertebrates (Buskey & Stockwell 1993, Buskey & Hyatt 1995, Buskey et al 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling ecosystem disruptive algal blooms: positive feedback mechanisms

Sunda¹,

Shertzer²

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Harmful blooms of algae that disrupt and degrade ecosystems (ecosystem disruptive algal blooms, EDABs) are occurring with increasing frequency with eutrophication and other adverse anthropogenic alterations of coastal systems. EDAB events have been hypothesized to be caused by positive feedback interactions involving differential growth of competing algal species, low grazing mortality rates on EDAB species, and resulting decreases in nutrient inputs from grazer-mediated nutrient cycling as the EDAB event progresses. Here we develop a nutrient− phytoplankton−zooplankton model to test the conceptual positive feedback hypothesis. In this model we compete the low-nutrient adapted brown tide EDAB species Aureoumbra lagunensis and 2 high-nutrient-adapted diatoms (Thalassiosira pseudonana and T. weissflogii) using published data for growth rate versus limiting nutrient (ammonium) concentration. The model results support the positive feedback hypothesis for EDAB formation, and verify that bloom formation requires low grazing rates on the EDAB species. The model predicts that because of the positive feedback, the harmful bloom should persist once formed. The model further shows that the likelihood and biomass intensity of an EDAB event is increased by greater residence time of water in a coastal system and that increased nutrient supply increases its severity. Our results demonstrate that EDAB events do not simply involve a direct stimulation of growth of harmful species by increased nutrients, but rather involve complex interactions among the growth of competing algal species, differential grazing on those species, and changes in nutrient cycling that are directly linked to algal grazing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling ecosystem disruptive algal blooms: positive feedback mechanisms

Sunda¹,

Shertzer²

2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Although active grazing by microzooplankton in marine communities is a common phenomenon (Strom et al 2001 and references therein), studies reporting such tight coupling between phytoplankton growth and grazing under harmful algal bloom conditions are scarce (Buskey et al 2001, Jeong et al 2002. This coupling, as suggested by Strom et al (2001), may be a result of the high potential growth and ingestion rates ) on the different components of the microplanktonic community.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative grazing impact of microzooplankton and mesozooplankton on a bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum

Calbet¹,

Vaqué²,

Felipe³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…1; Solomon 2006). A. anophagefferens forms harmful algal blooms in temperate, rather than tropical, coastal waters (e.g., Berg et al 1997, Bricelj andLonsdale 1997), but related species form harmful blooms in coastal lagoons along the Gulf of Mexico, indicating a potential threat of such "brown tides" in warmer coastal ecosystems (Buskey et al 2001). Also common in tropical and subtropical regions are the cyanobacteria Trichodesmium spp., which fix nitrogen gas and contribute significantly to the biological nitrogen budget of the oceans (e.g.…”

Section: Urea Fertilization May Alter Phytoplankton Species Compositimentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocean urea fertilization for carbon credits poses high ecological risks

Glibert¹,

Azanza²,

Burford³

et al. 2008

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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The proposed plan for enrichment of the Sulu Sea, Philippines, a region of rich marine biodiversity, with thousands of tonnes of urea in order to stimulate algal blooms and sequester carbon is flawed for multiple reasons. Urea is preferentially used as a nitrogen source by some cyanobacteria and dinoflagellates, many of which are neutrally or positively buoyant. Biological pumps to the deep sea are classically leaky, and the inefficient burial of new biomass makes the estimation of a net loss of carbon from the atmosphere questionable at best. The potential for growth of toxic dinoflagellates is also high, as many grow well on urea and some even increase their toxicity when grown on urea. Many toxic dinoflagellates form cysts which can settle to the sediment and germinate in subsequent years, forming new blooms even without further fertilization. If large-scale blooms do occur, it is likely that they will contribute to hypoxia in the bottom waters upon decomposition. Lastly, urea production requires fossil fuel usage, further limiting the potential for net carbon sequestration. The environmental and economic impacts are potentially great and need to be rigorously assessed.

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The Decline and Recovery of a Persistent Texas Brown Tide Algal Bloom in the Laguna Madre (Texas, USA)

Cited by 89 publications

References 21 publications

Modeling ecosystem disruptive algal blooms: positive feedback mechanisms

Modeling ecosystem disruptive algal blooms: positive feedback mechanisms

Relative grazing impact of microzooplankton and mesozooplankton on a bloom of the toxic dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum

Ocean urea fertilization for carbon credits poses high ecological risks

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