The decay of similarity with geographical distance in parasite communities of vertebrate hosts

Poulin, Robert

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2699.2003.00949.x

Cited by 194 publications

(271 citation statements)

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“…The decline in similarity with geographical distance is a general pattern of parasite communities in resident fish (Poulin, 2003;Oliva and Gonzalez, 2005) and migratory fish (Jakob et al, 2009;Sjö berg et al, 2009;Thieltges et al, 2010). In the present study, however, only a slight decreasing trend of the similarity with geographical distance was found.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Richness and Diversity of Helminth Communities In the Japanese Grenadier Anchovy, Coilia nasus, During Its Anadromous Migration In the Yangtze River, China

Zou

et al. 2012

Journal of Parasitology

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To determine the relationship between the species richness, diversity of helminth communities, and migration distance during upward migration from coast to freshwater, helminth communities in the anadromous fish Coilia nasus were investigated along the coast of the East China Sea, the Yangtze Estuary, and 3 localities on the Yangtze River. Six helminth species were found in 224 C. nasus. Changes in salinity usually reduced the survival time of parasites, and thus the number of helminth species and their abundance. Except for the 2 dominant helminths, the acanthocephalan Acanthosentis cheni and the nematode Contracaecum sp., mean abundance of other 4 species of helminths was rather low (,1.0) during the upward migration in the Yangtze River. Mean abundance of the 2 dominant helminths peaked in the Yangtze Estuary and showed no obvious decrease among the 3 localities on the Yangtze River. Mean species richness, Brillouin's index, and Shannon index were also highest in the estuary (1.93 ± 0.88, 0.28 ± 0.25, and 0.37 ± 0.34, respectively) and did not exhibit marked decline at the 3 localities on the Yangtze River. A significant negative correlation was not seen between the similarity and the geographical distance (R 5 20.5104, P 5 0.1317). The strong salinity tolerance of intestinal helminths, relatively brief stay in the Yangtze River, and large amount of feeding on small fish and shrimp when commencing spawning migration perhaps were responsible for the results.The anadromous Japanese grenadier anchovy, Coilia nasus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846), is distributed in the northwestern Pacific. The fish usually feeds and overwinters in the coastal waters and spawns in freshwater. When the anchovy population distributed in coasts of the East China Sea commences migration, the fish can be first found in the Yangtze Estuary in February and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in April (Yuan et al., 1980;Yuan, 1987;Li et al., 2007). The anchovy returns to the coasts when spawning is completed from April to October in the same year in the Yangtze River (Yuan et al., 1980;Yuan, 1987;Li et al., 2007).With adaptation of fish to a decline of salinity, parasites in the fish also need to cope with changes in the osmotic pressure. A long stay would reduce survival of the freshwater parasites in salt water or marine parasites in freshwater. The mean intensity of 1 freshwater ectoparasite and 2 endoparasites in Oncorhynchus nerka decreased when reared in seawater for 32-40 wk (Bailey et al., 1989). Survival time of the nematode larva Anguillicoloides crassus in intermediate and paratenic hosts was maximal in freshwater and declined with an increase in salinity (Kirk et al., 2000). Populations of the freshwater monogenean Gyrodactylus salaris in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar declined and became extinct when salinity increased from 7.5% to 33.0% after a few minutes (Soleng and Bakke, 1997). Although some Anisakis spp. larvae with high salinity tolerance survived for more than half a year in freshwater, some survived less than...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 54%

Richness and Diversity of Helminth Communities In the Japanese Grenadier Anchovy, Coilia nasus, During Its Anadromous Migration In the Yangtze River, China

Zou

et al. 2012

Journal of Parasitology

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“…The multivariate analyses of species composition in the 14 best-sampled cells revealed that those cells closest to one another share more similar sets of species than those localities that are farther appart, a pattern that had been previously reported for other groups of organisms, such as plants and parasite communities of vertebrate hosts (NEKOLA & WHITE 1999, POULIN 2003. This trend, known as distance decay of similarity, can be caused by differences in environmental conditions or by the dispersal restrictions of certain organisms (NEKOLA & WHITE 1999, BECK & KHEN 2007.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Richness of tiger moths (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) in the Brazilian Cerrado: how much do we know?

Ferro¹,

Melo²,

Diniz³

2010

Zoologia (Curitiba, Impr.)

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The Cerrado biome is located in the central region of Brazil and consists mainly of savanna vegetation. In this study we assessed the richness of tiger moths (Arctiidae) of the Brazilian Cerrado. Specifically, we 1) assessed species richness in one-degree cells in the biome, 2) identified areas where these moths are poorly known, and 3) tested if similarities in species composition are related to geographical distance in the relatively well-sampled areas. We obtained the data mainly from specimens deposited in museums, but we also included additional information from the literature. We compiled 2,321 records belonging to 723 species. Specimens were recorded in 108 localities distributed in 67 one-degree cells. Species occurring exclusively in one or two one-degree cells represented 64% of the total number of species. Sample effort was not uniform in the biome, as there were very few records in the northern region of the Cerrado. The best-sampled one-degree cell had 239 species. Species assemblages were structured in space with a clear trend of localities near one another presenting more similarities in faunal composition than distant localities. This distance decay in similarity was slightly more pronounced along the longitudinal than along the latitudinal distances. We conclude that the Cerrado still remains poorly inventoried for tiger moths, particularly in its northern portion, where many unrecorded species may be found in the future. Despite of this limited knowledge, the best-sampled region indicates that richness of tiger moths in the Cerrado is comparable to the species-rich forest biomes in the Neotropical region

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“…Like other assemblages, parasite communities in any given host species show a clear decay in compositional similarity as a function of the distance separating them: nearby host populations tend to have many parasite species in common, whereas distant ones share very few. This phenomenon applies to varying degrees to a wide range of host and parasite taxa [81][82][83][84][85][86]. Several mechanisms can act, alone or in combination, to produce a decrease of the similarity in species composition between two communities with increasing distance between them [87].…”

Section: Host Dispersal and Distance Decay Of Similaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparative ecology and biogeography of parasites

Poulin

Krasnov

Mouillot

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Comparative ecology uses interspecific relationships among traits, while accounting for the phylogenetic non-independence of species, to uncover general evolutionary processes. Applied to biogeographic questions, it can be a powerful tool to explain the spatial distribution of organisms. Here, we review how comparative methods can elucidate biogeographic patterns and processes, using analyses of distributional data on parasites (fleas and helminths) as case studies. Methods exist to detect phylogenetic signals, i.e. the degree of phylogenetic dependence of a given character, and either to control for these signals in statistical analyses of interspecific data, or to measure their contribution to variance. Parasite-host interactions present a special case, as a given trait may be a parasite trait, a host trait or a property of the coevolved association rather than of one participant only. For some analyses, it is therefore necessary to correct simultaneously for both parasite phylogeny and host phylogeny, or to evaluate which has the greatest influence on trait expression. Using comparative approaches, we show that two fundamental properties of parasites, their niche breadth, i.e. host specificity, and the nature of their life cycle, can explain interspecific and latitudinal variation in the sizes of their geographical ranges, or rates of distance decay in the similarity of parasite communities. These findings illustrate the ways in which phylogenetically based comparative methods can contribute to biogeographic research.

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The decay of similarity with geographical distance in parasite communities of vertebrate hosts

Cited by 194 publications

References 39 publications

Richness and Diversity of Helminth Communities In the Japanese Grenadier Anchovy, Coilia nasus, During Its Anadromous Migration In the Yangtze River, China

Richness and Diversity of Helminth Communities In the Japanese Grenadier Anchovy, Coilia nasus, During Its Anadromous Migration In the Yangtze River, China

Richness of tiger moths (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) in the Brazilian Cerrado: how much do we know?

The comparative ecology and biogeography of parasites

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