The dc and ac conductivity of polyaniline–polyvinyl alcohol blends

Dutta, Partha; Biswas, Subhajit; Ghosh, Manas; De, Sourya Joyee; Chatterjee, Shreyam

doi:10.1016/s0379-6779(00)00588-9

Cited by 192 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…͑1͒ gives percolation threshold p c = 0.20 wt %, t = 1.39, and 0.19 wt %, t = 0.97 for both acidtreated and pristine nanotubes, respectively, in which the exponent t is related to sample dimensionality, i.e., t Ϸ 1, t Ϸ 1.33, or 2.0 for one, two, or three dimensions, respectively. [31][32][33][34][35][36] The percolation threshold depends not only on polymer/ filler interaction but also on the particles shape of conductive filler, 36,37 particle spatial distribution, and polymer matrix morphology. 36,37 Furthermore, particles shape in conductive fillers depends on what so called packing factor, where the packing factor is defined as the maximum content of filler material in the volume of polymer matrix.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…͑1͔͒ based on percolation theory, where dc is the frequency independent conductivity of the composite which significantly increased by several orders of magnitudes as a result of formation of infinite conductive cluster by filler particles. [31][32][33][34][35][36] The curve fitting with Eq. ͑1͒ gives percolation threshold p c = 0.30 wt %, t = 1.29, and 0.19 wt %, t = 1.02, for both acid-treated and pristine nanotubes, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…͑4͒, where w is the intertube gap. 35,36 Assuming that nanotubes are tightly bound in close linked networks, the intertube gap ͑w͒ is correlated with nanotubes loading ͑p͒ through Eq. ͑5͒.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical transport measurements of highly conductive carbon nanotube/poly(bisphenol A carbonate) composite

Curran

Talla

Dias

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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Acid-treated and pristine chemical vapor deposition grown multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) and poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (PC) composites were prepared through a simple solution blending with varied nanotube weight fractions. The electrical conductivities of the composites can be described by the scaling law based on percolation theory with unprecedented high saturated ac conductivity of pristine nanotubes (σsat=1598.4 S cm−1, pc=0.19 wt %) and acid-treated nanotubes (σsat=435.4 S cm−1, pc=0.3 wt %), which correlates well with the dc behavior. We attribute the high saturated conductivities to managing the dispersions, rather than looking to have a well dispersed three-dimensional network thin film. The comparison was made between acid-treated nanotubes and pristine nanotube, both dispersed in PC at various loadings. It was found that the pristine nanotubes in PC possessed an even higher conductivity than the more evenly dispersed composites consisting of lightly acid-treated MWNT in PC.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electrical transport measurements of highly conductive carbon nanotube/poly(bisphenol A carbonate) composite

Curran

Talla

Dias

et al. 2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…12 shows the variation of AC conductivity with temperature at 1 MHz. The increase in mobility of charge carriers in polymeric and semiconductor materials results in variation of conductivity with temperature and frequency [56]. In LSMH crystal it is observed that the increase in conductivity with temperature from 105°C to 130°C is due to dissociation of water molecule into H + and OH − ions which in turn increase the concentration of charge carriers.…”

Section: Variation Of Ac Conductivity With Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, optical and dielectric studies of lithium sulphate monohydrate single crystals

Najar

Vakil

Want

2017

Materials Science-Poland

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Optical, dielectric, and thermal properties of lithium sulphate monohydrate crystals grown by slow evaporation method have been studied. The crystal structure was resolved by direct methods using single crystal X-ray diffraction data collected at room temperature and refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to a final R-value of 0.0174. Plasma energy, Penn gap, Fermi energy and electronic polarizability of the grown crystal were calculated from single crystal XRD data. The electronic polarizability of lithium sulfate monohydrate was also calculated and compared with the theoretical data using Clausius-Mossotti equation. Optical band gap calculated from optical data for the grown crystal is 4.49 eV. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy study confirmed the presence of water in the crystal structure. The AC conductivity, dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the grown crystal were systemically investigated, showing a peak at about 130°C which could be attributed to the water molecules in the crystal structure. The anomalous dielectric properties shown by the crystal have been correlated with its thermal behavior. The title crystal obeys Jonscher's power law relation; σ(ω) = σ o + Aω s , with temperature dependent exponent s < 1. The activation energy calculated for the material is 0.24 eV and suggests protonic conduction by hopping mechanism in addition to cationic conduction by lithium ions. The micro-indentation study was also carried out which revealed that the crystal belongs to a category of soft materials.

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“…The dc and ac conductivity of PAN/polyvinyl-alcohol blends [15]and PAN and zinc sulfide composites were studied in the microwave field [16]. There are a number of papers dealing with this composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conducting polyaniline composites as microwave absorbers

et al. 2007

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Conducting polymers are excellent microwave absorbers and they show technological advantage when compared with inorganic electromagnetic absorbing materials, being light weight , easily processable , and the ability of changing the electromagnetic properties with nature and amount of dopants , synthesis conditions, etc. In this paper we report the synthesis , dielectric properties, and expected application of conducting composites based on polyaniline (PAN). Cyclohexanone soluble conducting PAN composites of microwave conductivity 12.5 S/m was synthesized by the in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of emulsion grade polyvinyl chloride. The dielectric properties of the composites , especially the dielectric loss, conductivity , dielectric heating coefficient , absorption coefficient , and penetration depth, were studied using a HP8510 vector network analyzer. The microwave absorption of the composites were studied at different frequency bands i.e, S, C, and X bands (2-12 GHz). The absorption coefficient was found to be higher than 200 m -' and it can be used for making microwave absorbers in space applications . POLYM . COMPOS., 28:588-592 , 2007.

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The dc and ac conductivity of polyaniline–polyvinyl alcohol blends

Cited by 192 publications

References 26 publications

Electrical transport measurements of highly conductive carbon nanotube/poly(bisphenol A carbonate) composite

Electrical transport measurements of highly conductive carbon nanotube/poly(bisphenol A carbonate) composite

Structural, optical and dielectric studies of lithium sulphate monohydrate single crystals

Conducting polyaniline composites as microwave absorbers

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