The dark side of compulsive eating and food addiction

Zorrilla, Eric P.; Koob, George F.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816207-1.00006-8

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 574 publications

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“…In contrast, compulsive behavior occurs because of a desire to terminate an aversive statethat is, the behavior generates negative reinforcement (O'Guinn & Faber, 1989). Consistent with this observation, compulsive behaviors (1) are prone to occur in people who are depressed (Lejoyeux et al, 1995), (2) are used to alleviate negative mood states (Müller et al, 2012), and (3) are often anticipatory responses that prevent negative emotions (Zorrilla & Koob, 2019).…”

Section: A Behaviorist Explanationmentioning

confidence: 87%

A behaviorist perspective on how to address negative consumer behaviors

Janiszewski,

Laran

2023

Consumer Psychology Review

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The cognitivist paradigm has dominated the past 50 years of consumer research. Cognitivist theories have provided extensive insights into pre‐consumption behaviors (i.e., information gathering, attitude formation, product choice, and product purchase) and the processes that support these behaviors (i.e., attitudes, persuasion, information processing, memory, knowledge, and choice processes). Yet, the cognitivist paradigm has limitations, especially when it comes to addressing detrimental consumption, over‐consumption, and perverse incentives in consumption systems. To address these issues, we discuss how a behaviorist paradigm can be used to identify more efficient and effective interventions for societal ills. The behaviorist perspective emphasizes that an alteration of the consumption environment can influence the ease of expressing a behavior and the rewards/punishments associated with this expression. Hence, behaviorism is useful in identifying and implementing intelligent nudges.

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Section: A Behaviorist Explanationmentioning

confidence: 87%

A behaviorist perspective on how to address negative consumer behaviors

Janiszewski,

Laran

2023

Consumer Psychology Review

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“…As with alcohol or other psychoactive substances, palatable food's soothing properties [102,103] may serve as an emotion regulation (via negative reinforcement) strategy among trauma survivors trying to avoid trauma-related emotions, thoughts, and memories [104]. Over time, using food in such a manner becomes a habit consistent with the opponent-process theory [71] whereby negative affective states and PTSD symptoms become cues to seek highly palatable food. Overall, more research is needed on the mechanism by which trauma and PTSD symptoms operate in FA, as it may be a promising direction in treatment of certain subgroup of individuals with FA.…”

Section: Stress and Trauma As Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Some examples include findings that negative affect increases incentive salience of high-calorie foods in individuals with FA [43] or that craving is not associated with anticipation of reward in individuals with FA [24], potentially reflecting the transition to compulsive food seeking marked by motivation to decrease negative affect [70]. In fact, some [71] have suggested that reactivity to food cues associated with increased activation in the amygdala is an important element of compulsive food intake and evidence for the opponent-process theory, whereby consumption becomes a strategy to regulate negative emotions. Such negative emotional states in turn may contribute to impulsive food-seeking behavior.…”

Section: Interactions Of Negative Emotionality Domain With Other Domainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Examination of Individual Differences in Susceptibility to Food Addiction using Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDoC): Recent Findings and Directions for the Future

Stojek

Murphy

2022

Curr Addict Rep

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Purpose of Review Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDoC) is a transdiagnostic, circuits-based framework for studying addictive behaviors. We examined parallels in individual differences that might increase susceptibility to FA and other addictive disorders using the following units of analysis in AARDoC domains: craving, relative reinforcing value of food and attention bias in the incentive salience domain; decisional impulsivity (delay discounting) and inhibitory control (Go-No-Go, Conner’s Continuous Performance Test, and the flanker task) in the executive function domain; and emotion dysregulation and negative urgency in the negative emotionality domain. Recent Findings There are a number of parallels between FA and other addictions in the incentive salience and negative emotionality domains, but somewhat divergent findings in the executive function domain. Trauma appears to be an important environmental stressor in maintenance of FA. Summary AARDoC may be a useful organizing framework for studying addictions, including FA. Future studies should incorporate other units of analysis to better characterize FA.

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“…It is perhaps of note that both drug addiction and obesity are examples of major disorders that are characterized as having dysregulated control systems. It is also noteworthy that both healthy and pathological food and drug taking share some common characteristics in terms of (dys)regulatory control (Bahji et al, 2019; Lindgren et al, 2018; Volkow, Wise, & Baler, 2017; Woods & Ramsay, 2000; Zorrilla & Koob, 2019). Thus, we are suggesting that proper interrogation of an individual’s regulatory system may reveal individual differences that increase the risk of acquiring health conditions often viewed as dysregulatory.…”

Section: The General Form Of the Regulatory Model Of Vulnerability Ap...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in biological regulation: Predicting vulnerability to drug addiction, obesity, and other dysregulatory disorders.

Ramsay¹,

Kaiyala²,

Woods³

2020

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Physiological regulation is so fundamental to survival that natural selection has greatly favored the evolution of robust regulatory systems that use both reactive and preemptive responses to mitigate the disruptive impact of biological and environmental challenges on physiological function. In good health, robust regulatory systems provide little insight into the typically hidden complex array of sensor-effector interactions that accomplish successful regulation. Numerous health disorders have been traced to defective regulatory mechanisms, and generations of scientists have worked to discover ways to correct these defects and restore normal physiological function. Despite progress, numerous chronic health disorders remain resistant to treatment, and indeed for some disorders the incidence is increasing. We propose that an individual’s susceptibility to acquire certain persistent dysregulatory disorders can be traced to interindividual variation in how that individual’s regulatory system responds to challenges. Preexisting reliable individual differences among regulatory systems are typically unrecognized until appropriate regulatory challenges (e.g., exposure to a drug of abuse) lead to dysregulation (e.g., drug addiction). Specific characteristics of an individual’s regulatory responsiveness may include etiological factors that participate in the acquisition, escalation and maintenance of health disorders characterized by dysregulation. By appropriately challenging a healthy individual’s regulatory systems to identify its underlying characteristics, it is possible to ascertain whether an individual has an elevated risk for acquiring a dysregulated health condition and thereby enable strategies designed to prevent, rather than treat, the condition. This model is applied to drug addiction, and in addition we relate this approach to other dysregulated conditions such as obesity.

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The dark side of compulsive eating and food addiction

Cited by 9 publications

References 574 publications

A behaviorist perspective on how to address negative consumer behaviors

A behaviorist perspective on how to address negative consumer behaviors

Examination of Individual Differences in Susceptibility to Food Addiction using Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDoC): Recent Findings and Directions for the Future

Individual differences in biological regulation: Predicting vulnerability to drug addiction, obesity, and other dysregulatory disorders.

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