The Dangerous Injustice Collector: Behaviors of Someone Who Never Forgets, Never Forgives, Never Lets Go, and Strikes Back!

Ellen, O'TooleMary

doi:10.1089/vio.2014.1509

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In addition to their fixation on perceived injustices, they displayed deadly revenge fantasies. The aspect of injustice collection is common within adolescent and adult mass murderers (Gill et al, 2017; Mullen, 2004; O’Toole, 2000, 2014, 2015). This study validates former research of mass shootings regarding the importance of injustice collection, perceived as actual events—albeit often magnified if not delusional—and incubated in the mind of the perpetrator.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

German mass murderers and their proximal warning behaviors.

Allwinn¹,

Hoffmann²,

Meloy

2019

Journal of Threat Assessment and Management

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

German mass murderers and their proximal warning behaviors.

Allwinn¹,

Hoffmann²,

Meloy

2019

Journal of Threat Assessment and Management

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“…Given that he ultimately attacked his workplace and killed coworkers, his attack seems directly related to this motive, although he allegedly did not leave behind documents that clarified this for certain (Hillard Heintze, 2019). The perpetrator's draft emails, in particular, suggest that he was a "grievance collector," defined by O'Toole (2000) as someone who "nurses resentment over real or perceived injustices and no matter how much time has passed, the injustice collector will never forget or forgive those wrongs or the people he or she believes are responsible" (p. 17). As the grievance collector or injustice collector accumulates real or perceived slights, they often believe they are being mistreated, victimized, or that others are discriminating against them (O'Toole, 2014), even if this is not the case.…”

Section: Assessment Result: Prominentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Virginia Beach municipal center mass shooting: A retrospective threat assessment using the WAVR-21.

Cowan¹,

Lankford²

2024

Journal of Threat Assessment and Management

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The 2019 Virginia Beach mass shooting represents an extreme but important incident in the broader context of workplace violence. It is both one of the deadliest cases of workplace violence in U.S. history and also one of the most confusing. Investigators who studied the perpetrator concluded that they "did not uncover any indications of violent tendencies" and "we may never know why he committed this heinous act." However, by using the Workplace Assessment of Violence Risk-21, Version 3, in a retrospective study of evidence from official reports and previously unreleased documents and photographs, we hope to generate new insights. Overall, our findings suggest that at least 12 risk factors for violence were prominent or present in the Virginia Beach mass shooter's life, and that he clearly posed a significant threat of violence before his attack. We provide the details so that practitioners and researchers can better understand this individual's trajectory toward mass violence, which could inform and enhance their future work. We also offer several recommendations for improving behavioral threat assessment and management strategies and violence prevention in workplace settings. Public Significance StatementPublic mass shootings occur most frequently in workplace settings. Therefore, it is important that evidence-based tools and strategies are implemented to identify potential threats of targeted violence. This study closely analyzed the 2019 Virginia Beach Municipal Center mass shooter using the Workplace Assessment of Violence Risk-21, Version 3, and found that he clearly posed a significant threat of violence before his attack.

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“…There is an unanswered question of whether RSHOs accumulate the deficits common to other multiple murderers just at a faster rate. The buildup of injustices that often factor into a multiple murderer's motivation take decades to accrue while homicidal action takes place shortly after reconciling with internal drives (O'Toole, 2014). When compared to serial killers, RSHOs may be on an accelerated trajectory toward self-annihilation, one where the sporadic actions of the body outpace the agitated cognitions of the mind.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moving past sporadic eruptions, discursive killing, and running amok: recognizing the convergence of the serial and spree killer

Yaksic¹

2019

JCP

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Purpose Rapid sequence homicide offenders (RSHOs), formerly spree killers, are an understudied population due to the confusion surrounding their classification in relation to serial murderers. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach An exploratory, comparative analysis of 56 RSHOs and 60 serial murderers was conducted on US-based data from 2014 to 2018 derived from the Consolidated Serial Homicide Offender Database to determine similarities and differences between the cohorts. Findings RSHOs and serial murderers are similar in that they often kill their victims using a singular method, have limited mobility, kill a similar number of victims both known and unknown to them and are both supremely motivated by domestic anger. There is an inverse relationship between serial murderers and RSHOs: as one group increases in prevalence the other decreases. Practical implications In order to divert men into more pro-social activities, attention must be dedicated to increasing mental health services that provide them with the tools to diffuse their hatred and couple that with effective gun control strategies and ways to enhance the compromised anger management skills of a generation of volatile men. Originality/value Academicians have been hesitant to juxtapose these offenders but based this conclusion on surface-level differences. A reimagining of these categorical structures is needed. The once clear delineation between these cohorts may continue to shrink and synchronize until one subsumes the other.

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The Dangerous Injustice Collector: Behaviors of Someone Who Never Forgets, Never Forgives, Never Lets Go, and Strikes Back!

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

German mass murderers and their proximal warning behaviors.

German mass murderers and their proximal warning behaviors.

The Virginia Beach municipal center mass shooting: A retrospective threat assessment using the WAVR-21.

Moving past sporadic eruptions, discursive killing, and running amok: recognizing the convergence of the serial and spree killer

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