The damage to wheat kernels caused by the wheat blossom midge (Sitodiplosis mosellana)

Abstract

Attack by Sitodiplosis mosellana decreased germination capacity, bushel weight and flour yield of wheat. The ash of the flour increased slightly and its maltose and colour grade values increased greatIy. a-Amylase and protease increased only in proportion t o the decrease of kernel weight and was not related to the extremely large increase in number of fungi and bacteria occurring on and in attacked grains.The water absorption, Extensometer resistance and Extensometer extensibility values all decreased greatly in doughs made from flour milled from attacked grain. The loaves made from such flour were inferior to others in outside colour, nature of the crumb, and loaf volume. Blending the flour milled from attacked grain with flour from a good-quality wheat lowered the bread-making quality of the latter.Experimental evidence indicated that increased a-amylase and protease activities were not the causes of the poor quality of infested grain, which seem likely to result from the failure of protein to develop properly.

Occurrence of the orange wheat blossom midge [Diptera :Cecidomyiidae] in Quebec and its incidence on wheat grain microflora

“…Corrélation coefficients between incidence of orange wheat midge and seed contamination are consistent with previous observations of heavy fungal and bacterial infection on kernels damaged by wheat midge larvae (Doeksen 1938;Miller and Halton 1961).…”

THE INFLUENCE OF ORANGE WHEAT BLOSSOM MIDGE (Sitodiplosis mosellana Géhin) DAMAGE ON HARD RED SPRING WHEAT QUALITY AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INSECTICIDE TREATMENTS

“…to mbre distinctly damaged reasonably plump Miller and Halton (1961) suggested that this kernels (Fig. 1B), to very small shrunken and sort of damage could be caused by thrips distorted liernels (Fig.…”

“…Miller and Halton (1961) Pelshenke and Schdfer 1953). In contrast, Buhl and Tietze (1970) (AACC 1983).…”

“…lE, F Tables I and 2 were hand-picked free of the easily distinguished midge-damaged kernels and the samples reprocessed, although visual appearance was beffer, test weight increased, and flour ash and color improved, physical dough properties and baking quality were not signifrcantly improved (Table 3). ferior" baking quality (Pelshenke and Schiifer 1953) and obvious quality deficiencies (Fritzsche and Wolffgang 1959;Miller and Halton 196l) to no detectable quality effect (Buhl and Tietze 1970 For personal use only.…”

Comparative emergence phenology of the orange wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and its parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae and Platygastridae) under controlled conditions

“…Attacks by S. mosellana can significantly reduce the yield (Chavalle et al, 2015;Olfert et al, 1985) and quality of harvested grain (Dexter et al, 1987;Miller and Halton, 1960). In order to avoid such damage, S. mosellana management consists mainly of growing resistant wheat cultivars and using chemical control (Berzonsky et al, 2003;Chavalle et al, 2015;Elliott, 1988;Smith et al, 2007).…”