The Cyberiad

Lem, Stanisław

doi:10.1201/b10586-33

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…According to Lem (1965) , “ Everyone knows that dragons don’t exist … . They were all, one might say, non-existent, but each non-existed in an entirely different way .” Here a contrast between non-existent monetary losses vs. gains in healthy participants yielded significant bilateral activations within the extensive salience and threat response circuitry, critical for the survival of individuals and species namely, frontal-, temporal-, insular- and striatal regions ( Elman and Borsook, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Underlying Unconscious Processing and Their Alterations in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Neuroimaging of Zero Monetary Outcomes Contextually Framed as “No Losses” vs. “No Gains”

et al. 2020

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Although unconscious processing is a key element of mental operation, its neural correlates have not been established. Also, clinical observations suggest that unconscious processing may be involved in the pathophysiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the neurobiological mechanisms underlying such impairments remain unknown. The purpose of the present study was to examine putative mechanisms underlying unconscious processing by healthy participants and to determine whether these mechanisms may be altered in PTSD patients. Twenty patients with PTSD and 27 healthy individuals were administered a validated wheel of fortune-type gambling task during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Unconscious processing was elicited using unconscious contextual framing of the zero monetary outcomes as “no loss,” “no gain” or as “neutral.” Brief passive visual processing of the “no loss” vs. “no gain” contrast by healthy participants yielded bilateral frontal-, temporal- and insular cortices and striatal activations. Between-group comparison revealed smaller activity in the left anterior prefrontal-, left dorsolateral prefrontal-, right temporal- and right insular cortices and in bilateral striatum in PTSD patients with the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity been more pronounced in those with greater PTSD severity. These observations implicate frontal-, temporal-, and insular cortices along with the striatum in the putative mechanisms underlying unconscious processing of the monetary outcomes. Additionally, our results support the hypothesis that PTSD is associated with primary cortical and subcortical alterations involved in the above processes and that these alterations may be related to some aspects of PTSD symptomatology.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Underlying Unconscious Processing and Their Alterations in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Neuroimaging of Zero Monetary Outcomes Contextually Framed as “No Losses” vs. “No Gains”

et al. 2020

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“…10.The terms eKnight (in singular) and eKnights (in plural) are borrowed from the science fiction book The Cyberiad (1974) by Polish writer Stanisław Lem, which tells, among other things, about machinic knights that function as public servants and guardians in an imaginary universe inhabited by artificially intelligent robots. Much like the intelligent robots in the story, PKW participants envision themselves as technology craftsmen or “code artisans” (xarashei cod) who build automatic eKnights whose function is to serve and protect the Israeli polity.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Rational Solution to the Debate on the Critical Voice in Ethnography of Communication Research

Shavit¹

2023

International Journal of Qualitative Methods

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This article proposes a way to transcend the debate on the critical voice in Ethnography of Communication (EOC) and qualitative communication research more broadly. First, it demonstrates how EOC’s epistemological paradigm may prevent ethnographers from understanding their subjects fully. Secondly, the article offers a Weberian approach to rational interpretation as a resolution, replacing the concept of “culture” as an a priori explanandum with “practical rationality”. This move demonstrates the feasibility of a unified method in the social sciences capable of dismantling the artificial divide between interpretive and post-positivist philosophies and research designs. Finally, the article provides an illustration of the proposed approach based on some ethnographic data from a volunteer setting of open-source civic software production in Israel.

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The Cyberiad

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Mechanisms Underlying Unconscious Processing and Their Alterations in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Neuroimaging of Zero Monetary Outcomes Contextually Framed as “No Losses” vs. “No Gains”

Mechanisms Underlying Unconscious Processing and Their Alterations in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Neuroimaging of Zero Monetary Outcomes Contextually Framed as “No Losses” vs. “No Gains”

A Rational Solution to the Debate on the Critical Voice in Ethnography of Communication Research

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