The Cutaneous Reaction to Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)-Furfuryl

Murrell, Thomas W.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1959.01560170043008

Cited by 30 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The observation that human kind responds with a red flush reaction of the upper body after intake of large doses of nicotinic acid (niacin, vitamin B3) goes back to the early fifties of the last century [ 1 ] a time when nicotinic acid was introduced as possible treatment of schizophrenia [ 2 ] While controlled studies failed to demonstrate a sustained clinical benefit of niacin in schizophrenia treatment [ 3 ] the clinical observation of an attenuated or even absent niacin flush reaction of the upper body in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls caught the attention of some researchers [ 4 , 5 ]. The latter observation combined with other clinical observations such as that patients with schizophrenia are less sensitive to pain [ 6 ], have a lower temperature sensitivity [ 7 ] and a markedly decreased risk of rheumatoid arthritis [ 8 ], led to the proposal that schizophrenia might be associated with a deficiency or dysfunction of prostaglandin metabolism [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niacin Skin Sensitivity Is Increased in Adolescents at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMost studies provide evidence that the skin flush response to nicotinic acid (niacin) stimulation is impaired in schizophrenia. However, only little is known about niacin sensitivity in the ultra-high risk (UHR) phase of psychotic disorders.MethodsWe compared visual ratings of niacin sensitivity between adolescents at UHR for psychosis according to the one year transition outcome (UHR-T n = 11; UHR-NT n = 55) with healthy controls (HC n = 25) and first episode schizophrenia patients (FEP n = 25) treated with atypical antipsychotics.ResultsContrary to our hypothesis niacin sensitivity of the entire UHR group was not attenuated, but significantly increased compared to the HC group, whereas no difference could be found between the UHR-T and UHR-NT groups. As expected, niacin sensitivity of FEP was attenuated compared to HC group. In UHR individuals niacin sensitivity was inversely correlated with omega-6 and -9 fatty acids (FA), but positively correlated with phospholipase A2 (inPLA2) activity, a marker of membrane lipid repair/remodelling.ConclusionsIncreased niacin sensitivity in UHR states likely indicates an impaired balance of eicosanoids and omega-6/-9 FA at a membrane level. Our findings suggest that the emergence of psychosis is associated with an increased mobilisation of eicosanoids prior to the transition to psychosis possibly reflecting a “pro-inflammatory state”, whereas thereafter eicosanoid mobilisation seems to be attenuated. Potential treatment implications for the UHR state should be further investigated.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niacin Skin Sensitivity Is Increased in Adolescents at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Some details of the study design, particularly the usage of niacin as an active placebo, may suggest that the authors of the first of these experiments known as Good Friday Experiment were aware that religious rituals alone are not neutral for mental health. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] The states of altered consciousness induced by religious settings and facilitated by psychedelic drugs increase susceptibility to suggested messages and are not free from negative emotions such as fear, terror, anxiety, shame, and sense of guilt. Therefore, any religious cult, particularly if combined with psychoactive compounds intake, should be considered as being able to alter psychosocial identity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal Hallucinogens Psilocin, Ibotenic Acid, and Muscimol

Stebelska

2013

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Psychoactive drugs of fungal origin, psilocin, ibotenic acid, and muscimol among them have been proposed for recreational use and popularized since the 1960s, XX century. Despite their well-documented neurotoxicity, they reached reputation of being safe and nonaddictive. Scientific efforts to find any medical application for these hallucinogens in psychiatry, psychotherapy, and even for religious rituals support are highly controversial. Even if they show any healing potential, their usage in psychotherapy is in some cases inadequate and may additionally harm seriously suffering patients. Hallucinogens are thought to reduce cognitive functions. However, in case of indolealkylamines, such as psilocin, some recent findings suggest their ability to improve perception and mental skills, what would motivate the consumption of "magic mushrooms." The present article offers an opportunity to find out what are the main symptoms of intoxication with mushrooms containing psilocybin/psilocin, muscimol, and ibotenic acid. The progress in analytical methods for detection of them in fungal material, food, and body fluids is reviewed. Findings on the mechanisms of their biologic activity are summarized. Additionally, therapeutic potential of these fungal psychoactive compounds and health risk associated with their abuse are discussed.

show abstract

“…The results after closed patch testing are in accordance wIth Lahti's findings (1980) of almost identical reactions to BA and SA and showing a dose response relation. Whether antihistamines applied locally or systemically are effective in blocking the response is still controversial (Maibach & Johnson 1975, Lahti 1980, Murrell & Taylor 1959. We found a partial blocking effect of antihistamine locally, but in no patient was the reaction abolished totally, as were the reactions to prick tests with histamine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Perioral contact urticaria from sorbic acid and benzoic acid in a salad dressing

Clemmensen

Hjorth

1982

Contact Dermatitis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contact urticaria was observed in a kindergarten in 18 of 20 children following the intake and accidental perioral application of a mayonnaise salad cream. In healthy adult controls, stinging tests and closed 20 minute patch test with the salad dressing were positive in 9 out of 12 and 4 out of 10 cases respectively. Twenty minute patch tests with the different components of the salad dressing were positive only so sorbic acid (SA) and benzoic acid (BA). Urticaria was provoked by inunction of the salad dressing periorally in two healthy boys. Serial 20 minute closed patch testing with varying concentrations of SA in 91 patients and BA in 41 patients gave almost identical results: positive reactions in two thirds of the patients with the highest concentrations. The response was only partially blocked by antihistamine applied locally before testing. Non-immunologic mechanisms are probably responsible for the transient reaction, and no restriction in the extensive use of SA or BA as preservatives in food should be considered.

show abstract

The Cutaneous Reaction to Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)-Furfuryl

Cited by 30 publications

References 8 publications

Niacin Skin Sensitivity Is Increased in Adolescents at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Niacin Skin Sensitivity Is Increased in Adolescents at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Fungal Hallucinogens Psilocin, Ibotenic Acid, and Muscimol

Perioral contact urticaria from sorbic acid and benzoic acid in a salad dressing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About