The Cutaneous Bacterial Microflora of the Bodybuilders Using Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Zomorodian, Kamiar; Rahimi, Mohammad Javad; Taheri, Mohammad; Asad, Ali Ghanbari; Khani, Soghra; Ahrari, Iman; Pakshir, Keyvan; Khashei, Reza

doi:10.5812/jjm.12269

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Staphylococci are amongst the most frequent causes of nosocomial and community-acquired infections worldwide [ 1 , 2 ]. The emergence of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus , particularly methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pose difficulties in treatment of related infections [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance among clinical isolates of staphylococci in southwest of Iran

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine the phenotypic and genotypic profile of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLSB) resistance in clinical isolates of staphylococci.ResultsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 164 non-duplicated staphylococci isolates collected during August 2015 to February 2016 from two tertiary care hospitals in Shiraz, southwest of Iran. Of the 164 isolates, 86 erythromycin-resistant isolates consist of 35 Staphylococcus aureus and 51 coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) were included in the study. Of the 35 S. aureus, the prevalence of cMLS (constitutive), iMLS (inducible), and MS phenotypes were found 82.9%, 8.6% and 8.6%, respectively. Among 51 CoNS, the frequencies of cMLS, iMLS, and MS phenotypes were detected 66.7%, 11.8% and 21.6%, respectively. Among S. aureus isolates, the predominant genes were ermC in 82.9% isolates, followed by ermA in 57.1% and msrA in 28.6% of isolates. Among CoNS isolates, the most frequent genes were diagnosed ermC in 70.6% isolates followed by msrA in 68.6% and ermA in 11.8% of isolates. In conclusion, regarding the presence of MLSB resistance in our region, diagnosis of this resistance type on a routine basis in staphylococcal clinical isolates is of particular importance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance among clinical isolates of staphylococci in southwest of Iran

et al. 2018

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“…However, staphylococcal infections are often caused by strains that have colonized in parts of the human body and make the colonized persons a reservoir for the spread of the organisms (4,5). Due to the biofilm producing ability of staphylococci, they are mostly associated with chronic and implanted medical devices infections (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Biofilm Production Capability and icaA/D Genes Among Staphylococci Isolates from Shiraz, Iran

Zalipour

Ebrahim‐Saraie

Sarvari

et al. 2016

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Biofilm formation capacity is recognized as an important virulence factor in staphylococci that makes the organisms more resistant to antibiotics and host defenses. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the biofilm producing ability and presence of icaA/D genes in staphylococcal isolates obtained from different clinical specimens. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on a total of 151 staphylococcal isolates (79 Staphylococcus aureus and 72 S. epidermidis) obtained from different clinical specimens from February to August 2013 in Shiraz, Southwest of Iran. Slime production ability was evaluated using the both phenotypic (by cultivation of staphylococcal isolates on Congo red agar (CRA)) and genotypic (detection of the presence of icaA/D genes by PCR) methods. Results: Overall, of the 79 S. aureus isolates tested with CRA method, 64.7% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates, and 46.7% of methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) isolates were able to produce biofilm. The relative frequency of biofilm producing S. epidermidis isolates was 70.8% that was significantly higher than that of S. aureus isolates. The most common source of biofilm producing isolates in both S. aureus and S. epidermidis isolates was endotracheal tube (ETT) with 100% biofilm formation. Moreover, the presence of icaA/D genes was detected in 63.3% and 81.9% of S. aureus and S. epidermidis isolates, respectively. Conclusions: The remarkable rates of biofilm production ability among clinically isolated staphylococci emphasize the necessity of more effective infections control policies to prevent biofilm formation on medical devices and hospital environmental surfaces.

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“…These side effects usually stop at the end of AAS use. Other side effects are related to the methods of administration: intramuscular injections have been associated with severe infection, such as necrotizing myositis (Hughes and Ahmed, 2011 ; Zomorodian et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Circulating Micrornas and Aas Adverse Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Searching New Molecular Biomarkers

et al. 2018

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Even if anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse is clearly associated with a wide spectrum of collateral effects, adolescents and athletes frequently use a large group of synthetic derivatives of testosterone, both for aesthetic uses and for improving performance. Over the last few years, the development of MicroRNA (miRNA) technologies has become an essential part of research projects and their role as potential molecular biomarkers is being investigated by the scientific community. The circulating miRNAs detection as a diagnostic or prognostic tool for the diagnosis and treatment of several diseases is very useful, because with a minimal quantity of sample (peripheral blood), miRNAs are very sensitive. Even more, miRNAs remain stable both at room temperature and during freeze-thaw cycles. These characteristics highlight the important role of miRNAs in the near future as new tools for anti-doping. The article provides a systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of miRNAs as new potential molecular biomarkers of AAS use/abuse. Particularly, this paper analyzed the “miRNA signature” use as biomarkers for health disorders, focusing on the organ damages which are related to ASS use/abuse. Moreover, this review aims to provide a future prospect for less invasive or non-invasive procedures for the detection of circulating miRNA biomarkers as doping assumption signaling.

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The Cutaneous Bacterial Microflora of the Bodybuilders Using Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance among clinical isolates of staphylococci in southwest of Iran

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B resistance among clinical isolates of staphylococci in southwest of Iran

Detection of Biofilm Production Capability and icaA/D Genes Among Staphylococci Isolates from Shiraz, Iran

Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Searching New Molecular Biomarkers

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