The current trends and challenges towards good community pharmacy practice and the way forward

Bou-Saba, Alein W; Kassak, Kassem; Salameh, Pascale

doi:10.1016/j.rcsop.2022.100152

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, specific laws to regulate and enforce the implementation of these guidelines are not yet generated by the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH). 17 The analysis of literature reported that pharmacists are dispensing prescription medication without a prescription and a low compliance to GPP standards was described by the OPL, through a pilot work published by Badro et al in 2019. Consequently, the objective of this study was to track the improvement process two years after the issuing of standards.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices by Community Pharmacies in Lebanon and Opportunities for Quality Improvement: It is Time to Act

Bou-Saba¹,

Kassak²,

Salameh³

2023

IPRP

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Purpose Good pharmacy practice is an important standard that highlight the quality of services in community pharmacies. In 2018, The Order of Pharmacists in Lebanon (OPL) published their own good pharmacy practices (GPP) guidelines. The need exists for investigational studies to assess GPP implementation status and the professional conduct of on-site staff towards these standards. Methods Data collection was carried out between February and August 2020 using a questionnaire covering: Socio-demographic variables; Indicator A (Attitude of the Community Pharmacists); Indicator B (Services and Facilities); Indicator C (Dispensing); Indicator D (Storage). Data analysis were performed on SPSS version 25, T -Test and ANOVA were used. A significant p value of <0.001, 95% confidence interval and variables with missing data counting less than 10% were considered. Results A total of 211 staffers from pharmacies were enrolled in the study, each representing one community pharmacy. The mean percent of adherence to GPP standards by community pharmacies in the South of Lebanon was below the recommended threshold of 75%. Only 65.09% adhered to all tested indicators (27% to Indicator A, 56.91% to Indicator B, 68.61% to Indicator C, 66.31% to Indicator D). Higher indicators were seen among providers who were aware of OPL standards (OR = 4.021), female (OR= 2.011) and being a licensed pharmacist (OR=3.506). Cronbach alpha of the overall score was 0.615. Conclusion Further steps shall be taken to improve the compliance to GPP standards. Steps shall include, identification of the core standards, such as dispensing, provision of adequate information, monitoring of storage conditions, and ensuring the presence of a licensed pharmacist. It is highly recommended that the OPL and the Ministry of Public Health develop a “Self-assessment tool” and an efficient training program to increase community Pharmacists’ awareness status. Regular assessment shall be carried to monitor the progress overtime.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices by Community Pharmacies in Lebanon and Opportunities for Quality Improvement: It is Time to Act

Bou-Saba¹,

Kassak²,

Salameh³

2023

IPRP

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“…1 Structures to control pharmacy practice and ensure that pharmacists are prepared to work as healthcare professionals became necessary as pharmacy practice developed into good pharmacy practice (GPP). 2 A successful healthcare system is built on sound pharmacy practices, and associated standards emphasize the value of pharmacy services and the role of the pharmacist in enhancing patient health. 3 Dispensing is performed by a wide range of individuals with a wide range of backgrounds and training, which plays a crucial role in the realization of rational drug therapy based on the principle of good dispensing practices (GDP).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 To enable pharmacies to fulfil their roles in the delivery of healthcare, adequate availability, convenient access, and a sufficient workforce capacity must be guaranteed. 21 Although studies on GDP, GPP, and GSP are numerous, [2][3][4]10,11,13 studies on facilities that significantly affect the practices listed are scarce. Sufficient dispensing and storage facilities are necessary to give the patient plausible services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability of Dispensing and Storage Facilities at Public and Community Pharmacies at Bahir Dar and Gondar Towns

Limenh

2024

RMHP

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The availability of various facilities that aid in providing expected services is necessary for the practice of pharmacy, which aims to make the best use of medications and other healthcare products and services. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the availability of dispensing and storage facilities at public and community pharmacies in Bahir Dar and Gondar towns. Methods: In Gondar and Bahir Dar towns' public and private pharmacies, a facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2023 to September 2023. All pharmacy areas that were open during data collection were included in the study. The frequency and percentage were calculated using descriptive statistics. Results: From 239 pharmacies, 208 (87.0%) of them were open during data collection, and they are included in the study. The water supply and dispensing counter were available in the dispensing area in 79.3% and 60.1% of instances, respectively. They also had adequate room for storage (92.8%), dispensing (92.8%), and receiving (95.7%) of medicines. Additionally, about 98.1% of the facilities had shaded, ventilated, and dry areas. A therapeutic order was the most often used method (59.6%) for medication organization. Merely 1.9% of participants did not employ a strategy to arrange their medications. A refrigerator (88.0%), a refrigerator thermometer (91.3%), a spoon or spatula (81.3%), a separate storage facility (74.5%), a cold room (68.8%), a lockable cabinet (90.9%), a tablet counter (69.2%), and a fire extinguisher (safety device) (88%) were among the various storage equipment the majority of the pharmacies in the survey had. Nonetheless, air conditioning was absent from the majority (53.4%) of pharmacy facilities. Conclusion: Few pharmacies need to make improvements to their facilities in order to encourage convenient drug storage and dispensing practices, even though the majority of the pharmacies surveyed had all the necessary equipment and infrastructure. In addition to initiating the pharmacies to provide good practices of dispensing and storage, facility-focused initiation and regulation should be obtained to ensure full availability of the facilities.

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A clinical research site pharmacy for the division of AIDS sponsored clinical trials in a low middle income country

Sekabira,

Murungi,

Kirinya

et al. 2024

Int J Sci Rep

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This review article provides information on the role of clinical research site (CRS) Pharmacies in supporting the division of AIDS (DAIDS)-sponsored clinical trials at the CRS, their legislative framework, and how they differ from community pharmacies. These pharmacies are relatively few, and little information is available about their operation, setup, and requirements in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The information in this article is pertinent to pharmacy associations and regulators who formulate policies and guidelines and to pharmacy professionals eager to enhance their skills and competencies through knowledge sharing to improve the quality of healthcare services. Moreover, this information is relevant in establishing a CRS pharmacy and understanding its interaction with various administrative and financial institutions. This article provides information on how CRS pharmacies achieve uninterrupted power supply for investigational medicinal products (IMP) throughout the year, the sponsor and regulatory requirements for the CRS pharmacy and the processes for IMP shipment, from its dispensation to the study participants. The article also provides information on quality control and assurance processes for maintaining a CRS pharmacy. CRS pharmacies in LMICs have unique requirements, operations, services, and setups, and regulatory authorities must develop policies and guidelines that align with these distinct features. More so, leveraging the existing CRS pharmacies to disseminate skills and knowledge to trainees, community pharmacies, and other medicine outlets can significantly enhance the quality of health services delivered to the community.

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The current trends and challenges towards good community pharmacy practice and the way forward

Cited by 4 publications

References 39 publications

Adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices by Community Pharmacies in Lebanon and Opportunities for Quality Improvement: It is Time to Act

Adherence to Good Pharmacy Practices by Community Pharmacies in Lebanon and Opportunities for Quality Improvement: It is Time to Act

Availability of Dispensing and Storage Facilities at Public and Community Pharmacies at Bahir Dar and Gondar Towns

A clinical research site pharmacy for the division of AIDS sponsored clinical trials in a low middle income country

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