The Current Status of Women in Surgery

Stephens, Elizabeth H.; Heisler, Christine A.; Temkin, Sarah M.; Miller, Pringl

doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2020.0312

Cited by 143 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…Sponsorship is the use of one's own advanced status to advocate for the advancements and opportunities for the mentee. 28 While many women cite the lack of mentorship as a significant factor in career advancement, sponsorship provides concrete opportunities for career progress.…”

Section: Implications Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in female academic productivity and female mentorship highlight sustained progress in previously identified neurosurgical gender disparities

Taha

Sadda

Winston

et al. 2021

Neurosurgical Focus

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OBJECTIVEA meta-analysis was performed to understand disparities in the representation of female authorship within the neurosurgical literature and implications for career advancement of women in neurosurgery.METHODSAuthor names for articles published in 16 of the top neurosurgical journals from 2002 to 2019 were obtained from MEDLINE. The gender of each author was determined using automated prediction methods. Publication trends were compared over time and across subdisciplines. Female authorship was also compared to the proportionate composition of women in the field over time.RESULTSThe metadata obtained from 16 major neurosurgical journals yielded 66,546 research articles. Gender was successfully determined for 96% (127,809/133,578) of first and senior authors, while the remainder (3.9%) were unable to be determined through prediction methods. Across all years, 13.3% (8826) of articles had female first authorship and 9.1% (6073) had female senior authorship. Female first authorship increased significantly over time from 5.8% in 2002 to 17.2% in 2019 (p < 0.001). Female senior authorship also increased significantly over time, from 5.5% in 2002 to 12.0% in 2019 (p < 0.001). The journals with the highest proportions of female first authors and senior authors were the Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics (33.5%) and the Asian Journal of Neurosurgery (23.8%), respectively. Operative Neurosurgery had the lowest fraction of female first (12.4%) and senior (4.7%) authors. There was a significant difference between the year-by-year proportion of female neurosurgical trainees and the year-by-year proportion of female neurosurgical first (p < 0.001) and senior (p < 0.001) authors. Articles were also more likely to have a female first author if the senior author of the article was female (OR 2.69, CI 2.52–2.86; p < 0.001). From 1944 to 2019, the Journal of Neurosurgery showed a steady increase in female first and senior authorship, with a plateau beginning in the 1990s.CONCLUSIONSLarge meta-analysis techniques have the potential to effectively leverage large amounts of bibliometric data to quantify the representation of female authorship in the neurosurgical literature. The proportion of female authors in major neurosurgical journals has steadily increased. However, the rate of increase in female senior authorship has lagged behind the rate of increase in first authorship, indicating a disparity in academic advancement in women in neurosurgery.

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Section: Implications Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in female academic productivity and female mentorship highlight sustained progress in previously identified neurosurgical gender disparities

Taha

Sadda

Winston

et al. 2021

Neurosurgical Focus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The lack of female mentors and trained, willing male mentors and ineffective mentorship/sponsorship have been identified as key challenges for women in neurosurgery. 20 Role modeling and mentorship are not universally positive experiences, and we, as women at varying levels of neurosurgery leadership, advocate for a model of strong supportive sponsorship for women to take and succeed in leadership opportunities; this requires recognition, compensation, mandating, and training.…”

Section: How Do We Promote Women Neurosurgical Leaders?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Editorial. International women leaders in neurosurgery: past, present, and what the future must look like

Olson

McAlpine

Cain

et al. 2021

Neurosurgical Focus

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“…Despite an increasing number of women in medicine, men continue to make up the majority of the surgical workforce. 1 Obstetrics and gynecology (OBG) is an outlier within surgical specialties because most trainees have been women since the 1990s. Despite the inclusion of women within the specialty, gender-based inequities persist.…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,4 Gender bias within medicine toward surgery as a "male" pursuit has been described. 1,5 Gender differences among presentations at gynecologic surgery (GS) conferences were assessed to evaluate relevant biases.…”

Section: Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Surgery as women’s work: gender in presentations at gynecologic conferences

Pearre

Leaf

Heisler

et al. 2021

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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The Current Status of Women in Surgery

Abstract: n the last decade, there has been mounting interest in and measures taken for increasing female representation within medicine. Given this attention, we review the current status of women in surgery along with detailed recommendations for rectifying gender disparities (Table 1).

Cited by 143 publications

References 74 publications

Increases in female academic productivity and female mentorship highlight sustained progress in previously identified neurosurgical gender disparities

Increases in female academic productivity and female mentorship highlight sustained progress in previously identified neurosurgical gender disparities

Editorial. International women leaders in neurosurgery: past, present, and what the future must look like

Surgery as women’s work: gender in presentations at gynecologic conferences

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