The Current Role of Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing in Plastic Surgery

Kamali, Parisa; Dean, David; Skoracki, Roman J.; Koolen, Pieter G. L.; Paul, Marek A.; Ibrahim, Ahmed M. S.; Lin, Samuel J.

doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000000150

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…For the building of the physical model, it is necessary to start from a virtual 3D model. However, in all different collaborative platforms of medical research related with virtual models [30,31,69], we have not found any virtual models of healthy or keratoconus-diagnosed corneas. Thus, virtual models have been generated from the data provided by the Sirius (CSO, Italy) tomographer, by using the open-source software CloudCompare, although these data can be obtained from any tomographer based in Scheimpflug technology [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

3D Printed Personalized Corneal Models as a Tool for Improving Patient’s Knowledge of an Asymmetric Disease

2020

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Additive manufacturing is a vanguard technology that is currently being used in several fields in medicine. This study aims to evaluate the viability in clinical practice of a patient-specific 3D model that helps to improve the strategies of the doctor-patient assistance. Data obtained from a corneal topographer were used to make a virtual 3D model by using CAD software, to later print this model by FDM and get an exact replica of each patient’s cornea in consultation. Used CAD and printing software were open-source, and the printing material was biodegradable and its cost was low. Clinic users gave their feedback by means of a survey about their feelings when perceiving with their senses their own printed cornea. There was 82 surveyed, 73.8% (9.74; SD: 0.45) of them considered that the model had helped them a lot to understand their disease, expressing 100% of them their intention of taking home the printed model. The majority highlighted that this new concept improves both quality and clinical service in consultation. Custom-made individualized printed models allow a new patient-oriented perspective that may improve the communication strategy from the ophthalmologist to the patient, easing patient’s understanding of their asymmetric disease and its later treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

3D Printed Personalized Corneal Models as a Tool for Improving Patient’s Knowledge of an Asymmetric Disease

2020

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“…3D printing describes a technology where haptic biomodels are fabricated in a layer-by-layer fashion using CAD files derived from routine medical imaging sources, such as 3D photography, CT and MRI scans (38)(39)(40). In contrast to the current medical imaging techniques, clinicians are able to interact hands-on with the 3D-printed biomodels, which enables a superior understanding of visuospatial relationship between the patient-specific anatomical structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing or rapid prototyping, is a novel technology that can fabricate haptic biomodels of patient-specific anatomical structures using various imaging sources, such as 3D photography, CT scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (38)(39)(40). In the last decade, 3D printers have become more affordable and convenient to use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing breast projection in autologous reconstruction using the St Andrew’s coning technique and 3D volumetric analysis

et al. 2017

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Background: An increasing number of women undergo mastectomy for breast cancer and postmastectomy autologous breast reconstruction has been shown to significantly improve the psychosexual wellbeing of the patients. A goal of treatment is to achieve symmetry and projection to match the native breast, and/or the contralateral breast in the case of a unilateral reconstruction. Autologous reconstruction, particularly with the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEP) flap, is particularly advantageous as it can be manipulated to mimic the shape and turgor of the native breast. However, very few techniques of shaping the breast conus when insetting the DIEP flap to enhance aesthetic outcome have been reported to date. With the aide of three-dimension (3D) photography and 3D-printed mirrored image of the contralateral breast as a guide intraoperatively, we describe our St Andrew's coning technique to create a personalized flap projection. Method:We report a prospective case series of 3 delayed unilateral breast reconstructions where symmetrization procedure to the contralateral breast was not indicated. Using a commercial 3D scanner (VECTRA XR, Canfield Scientific), the breast region was imaged. The mirrored image was 3D-printed inhouse using a desktop 3D printer.Results: In all cases, projection of the breast mound was able to be safely achieved, with a demonstrated central volume (or 'cone') able to be highlighted on imaging and a 3D printed breast. A 3D print of the contralateral breast was able to be used intraoperatively to guide the operative approach. Conclusions:The St Andrew's coning technique is a useful aesthetic maneuver for achieving breast projection during DIEP flap breast reconstruction, with 3D imaging techniques able to assist in perioperative assessment of breast volume.

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“…Operations are complex, often transcending anatomic boundaries. Versatility resulting from surgery on a full range of tissues including skin, fat, nerve, muscle, bone, and cartilage promotes innovation, and with the recent advances in medical imaging ( 1 ), microsurgery ( 2 ), vascularized composite allotransplantation ( 3 , 4 ), nanotechnology ( 5 ), cell biology, biomaterials ( 6 ), and 3D printing ( 7 – 10 ), treatment options for patients are wider than ever before. Even armed with new reconstructive options based on microsurgical principles and transplantation, surgeons have become increasingly cognizant that there is the real potential for a paradigm shift in reconstructive surgery in the medium term via tissue-engineered solutions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue-Engineered Solutions in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Principles and Practice

et al. 2017

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Recent advances in microsurgery, imaging, and transplantation have led to significant refinements in autologous reconstructive options; however, the morbidity of donor sites remains. This would be eliminated by successful clinical translation of tissue-engineered solutions into surgical practice. Plastic surgeons are uniquely placed to be intrinsically involved in the research and development of laboratory engineered tissues and their subsequent use. In this article, we present an overview of the field of tissue engineering, with the practicing plastic surgeon in mind. The Medical Research Council states that regenerative medicine and tissue engineering “holds the promise of revolutionizing patient care in the twenty-first century.” The UK government highlighted regenerative medicine as one of the key eight great technologies in their industrial strategy worthy of significant investment. The long-term aim of successful biomanufacture to repair composite defects depends on interdisciplinary collaboration between cell biologists, material scientists, engineers, and associated medical specialties; however currently, there is a current lack of coordination in the field as a whole. Barriers to translation are deep rooted at the basic science level, manifested by a lack of consensus on the ideal cell source, scaffold, molecular cues, and environment and manufacturing strategy. There is also insufficient understanding of the long-term safety and durability of tissue-engineered constructs. This review aims to highlight that individualized approaches to the field are not adequate, and research collaboratives will be essential to bring together differing areas of expertise to expedite future clinical translation. The use of tissue engineering in reconstructive surgery would result in a paradigm shift but it is important to maintain realistic expectations. It is generally accepted that it takes 20–30 years from the start of basic science research to clinical utility, demonstrated by contemporary treatments such as bone marrow transplantation. Although great advances have been made in the tissue engineering field, we highlight the barriers that need to be overcome before we see the routine use of tissue-engineered solutions.

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The Current Role of Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing in Plastic Surgery

Cited by 34 publications

References 70 publications

3D Printed Personalized Corneal Models as a Tool for Improving Patient’s Knowledge of an Asymmetric Disease

3D Printed Personalized Corneal Models as a Tool for Improving Patient’s Knowledge of an Asymmetric Disease

Enhancing breast projection in autologous reconstruction using the St Andrew’s coning technique and 3D volumetric analysis

Tissue-Engineered Solutions in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery: Principles and Practice

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