The current prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema related symptoms in school-aged children in Costa Rica

Soto-Martínez, Manuel; Yock-Corrales, Adrianna; Camacho-Badilla, Kattia; Abdallah, Sarah B.; Duggan, Natasha N; Avila-Benedictis, L; Romero, J.J.; Soto‐Quiros, M. E.

doi:10.1080/02770903.2018.1455860

Cited by 21 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…With the development of social economy, various allergic diseases are increasing. 23 The prevalence of AR has increased significantly, especially in industrialized or developed countries with higher living standards. T-helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokines interact to participate in the immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Astragalus membranaceus in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Mouse Model

Zhong

Jin-Tao

Liu

et al. 2019

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Background Astragalus membranaceus (AM), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been used to treat allergic diseases, but the mechanism for treating allergic rhinitis (AR) remains unclear. Objective The purpose of this study was to look at the anti-inflammatory effect of AM on AR and the mechanism of anti-allergy. Methods The mouse model of AR was induced by ovalbumin. Allergic symptoms, number of eosinophils in nasal mucosa, and levels of inflammatory cells in nasal lavage fluid were analyzed. We explored the serum immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-13, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and IL-10. Besides, the relative mRNA of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 was also detected in nasal mucosa tissue. The proportion of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells in the spleen and nasal lymphoid tissue were analyzed. The mRNA levels of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 (NF-κB p65) and inhibitory kappa B alpha (IκBα), as well as NF-κB p65 DNA binding activity, were tested. We also measured the protein levels of NF-κB p65 and p-NF-κB p65 in nasal mucosa. Results AM could reduce the number of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa and decrease the levels of inflammatory cells in nasal lavage fluid. The serum IgE, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 were also decreased, while levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 were increased. The relative mRNA of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 was decreased by AM. AM increased the proportion of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells in the spleen and nasal lymphoid tissue. In addition, AM could reduce the activity of NF-kB by inhibiting the mRNA expression and DNA binding activity of NF-κB p65. However, AM had no significant effect on mRNA of IκBα. Above all, AM could reduce the p-NF-κB p65 protein expression of nasal mucosa. Conclusions AM could reduce the secretion of inflammatory cytokines by increasing the level of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ T cells and inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Astragalus membranaceus in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Mouse Model

Zhong

Jin-Tao

Liu

et al. 2019

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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“…Em Ijuí a rinite é mais elevada que a descrita, está presente em 87% dos escolares com asma, enquanto que em Porto Alegre está abaixo da relatada pela literatura, acorrendo em 58,8% dos casos. As frequências encontradas para atopia estão elevadas em ambos os locais de estudo, em Ijuí ocorre em 81,4% dos escolares com asma, e em Porto Alegre afeta 63,5%, enquanto que estudos relatam taxas de atopia entre 42,6% e 50,4% [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Em Porto Alegre essa associação ocorre em 84,3% dos casos, e é maior ainda em Ijuí, 93,5%. Enquanto isso, a literatura descreve essa situação em apenas 22,6% dos asmáticos [22].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Asma, rinite e atopia em escolares de duas cidades ambientalmente distintas: metrópole industrializada e região agrícola

Strassburger

Roncada

et al. 2019

Sci Med

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AIM: To analyze the characteristics of asthma among students from metropolitan and agricultural regions.METHODS: Students from both locations answered a questionnaire for epidemiological diagnosis of asthma and clinical characteristics of asthma, rhinitis and atopy according to ISAAC. They were also evaluated by the Asthma Control Test and measure of physical activity.RESULTS: Among the 290 and 123 asthmatics evaluated in the metropolitan region and agricultural region, respectively, the prevalence of asthma was 20.4% and 19.2%. Asthmatics in the agricultural region had a higher frequency of rhinitis (87% vs. 48.8%, p < 0.001) and atopy (81.4% vs. 63.5%, p = 0.005) No difference was observed in disease control measures (51.9% vs. 47.2%, p = 0.378). The combination asthma with Rhinitis or atopy presented significant risk for disease control in schoolchildren in the agricultural region (OR: 2,300; 95% CI: 1,867-2,833).CONCLUSION: There was no difference in asthma frequency and disease control among the students studied. However, the students of agricultural region have higher rates of rhinitis and atopy which negatively interfered with asthma control. These findings suggest that Asthma in populations with different environments have different clinical characteristics, which should be taken into account when defining prevention strategies and clinical management.

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“…It should be noted that the present study found a higher consumption of antihistamines than that reported in similar studies conducted in other countries (11,12,14). This may be related to the prevalence of rhinitis and allergies in the Costa Rican population (42.6%), as well as environmental and geographical factors (17). In Costa Rica, the medications with the highest prevalence of poisoning are paracetamol, antihistamines, and ibuprofen (16,18).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of self-medication among university students in San Jose, Costa Rica

Norori

2019

Preprint

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Self-medication is defined as the use of drugs to treat self-diagnosed symptoms without the supervision of healthcare physicians. Self-medication is a growing public health phenomenon and is associated with risks such as misdiagnosis and drug toxicity. This study aimed to identify the patterns associated with the practice of self-medication among university students in San Jose, Costa Rica. A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed and conducted to identify variables associated. Information was collected on the conditions treated, medications used, and their sources. The study found that self-medication is highly prevalent among Costa Rican university students. 91.4% of the sample reported self-medicating, with each student consuming an average of 2.15, ± 1,08 drugs. The prevalence found is higher than that reported in previous studies conducted in the country. These findings suggest the need to implement prevention campaigns and regulatory policies to ensure the safe consumption of medical drugs.

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The current prevalence of asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema related symptoms in school-aged children in Costa Rica

Abstract: The prevalence of asthma showed a significant decrease compared to previous studies. However, there was an unexpected high prevalence of rhinitis. Exposure to acetaminophen and antibiotic during the first year of life was highly associated with asthma symptoms.

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

Effect of Astragalus membranaceus in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Mouse Model

Effect of Astragalus membranaceus in Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Mouse Model

Asma, rinite e atopia em escolares de duas cidades ambientalmente distintas: metrópole industrializada e região agrícola

Patterns of self-medication among university students in San Jose, Costa Rica

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