The current and future roles of community pharmacists: Views and experiences of patients with type 2 diabetes

Twigg, Michael; Poland, Fiona; Bhattacharya, Debi; Desborough, James; Wright, David

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2012.10.004

Cited by 36 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This was probably due to the fact that MUR is a service that focuses on medicines, on which the general public perceive pharmacists to be experts. Findings from other studies echo the perception that an ideal role for pharmacists is linked to perceptions of expertise on medicines 9,27…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Patient opinions on medicine-use review: exploring an expanding role of community pharmacists

Aimaurai¹,

Jumpated²,

Krass³

et al. 2017

PPA

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BackgroundCurrent evidence supports the benefit of medicine-use review (MUR) for the safe and effective use of medicines. However, little is known about opinions of consumers regarding their preference for undertaking MUR, especially in the developing world, eg, in some Asian countries. We aimed to explore patients’ opinions about potential MUR and other enhanced services provided by community pharmacists.Patients and methodsA qualitative study using focus groups was conducted at Naresuan University’s community pharmacy, Phitsanulok, Thailand. MUR-naïve patients were recruited from two pharmacies in Phitsanulok. All focus groups were audio-recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed.ResultsTwenty participants attended four focus groups. The following themes were identified: 1) requirement and need for the service, 2) accessibility and convenience of receiving the service, 3) pharmacist attributes needed in delivering the service, and 4) how to promote the use of MUR successfully. The majority of participants had poor understanding about their medicines and were interested in receiving a MUR service. Regarding accessibility, convenience and close proximity of pharmacies to homes were deemed to be supportive of participants to use the service. However, several potential barriers to uptake were identified: perceived difficulty on the part of recipients in making time to receive the service and the inconvenience of having to provide medicines/records of medicines to pharmacists. The following domains of pharmacists’ characteristics were viewed as supportive determinants: personality (friendliness and confidence in giving information) and attitude (willingness to provide the service and not commercially oriented). The participants suggested that promoting the services using a mix of strategies would increase an awareness of MUR service.ConclusionRecognizing the unmet needs of patients for information on their medicines provides a good opportunity for community pharmacists to offer an MUR service to ensure quality use of medicines in the community.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Patient opinions on medicine-use review: exploring an expanding role of community pharmacists

Aimaurai¹,

Jumpated²,

Krass³

et al. 2017

PPA

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“…However, if this service was conducted by a supplementary prescribing pharmacist, working within a clinical management plan cost savings may be realised. This collaborative approach between the medical practice and community pharmacy may be preferred by patients where services are seen to be an extension of the usual care from their GP rather than as an independent add‐on [35]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The four or more medicines (FOMM) support service: results from an evaluation of a new community pharmacy service aimed at over-65s

Twigg¹,

Wright²,

Barton

et al. 2015

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

100

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ObjectiveInappropriate prescribing and nonadherence have a significant impact on hospital admissions and patient quality of life. The English government has identified that community pharmacy could make a significant contribution to reducing nonadherence and improving the quality of prescribing, reducing both hospital admissions and medicines wastage. The objective of this study is to evaluate a community pharmacy service aimed at patients over the age of 65 years prescribed four or more medicines.MethodsPatients were invited to participate in the service by the community pharmacy team. The pharmacist held regular consultations with the patient and discussed risk of falls, pain management, adherence and general health. They also reviewed the patient’s medication using STOPP/START criteria. Data were analysed for the first 6 months of participation in the service.Key findingsSix hundred twenty patients were recruited with 441 (71.1%) completing the 6-month study period. Pharmacists made 142 recommendations to prescribers in 110 patients largely centred on potentially inappropriate prescribing of NSAIDs, PPIs or duplication of therapy. At follow-up, there was a significant decrease in the total number of falls (mean −0.116 (−0.217–−0.014)) experienced and a significant increase in medicine adherence (mean difference in Morisky Measure of Adherence Scale-8: 0.513 (0.337–0.689)) and quality of life. Cost per quality-adjusted life year estimates ranged from £11 885 to £32 466 depending on the assumptions made.ConclusionBy focussing on patients over the age of 65 years with four or more medicines, community pharmacists can improve medicine adherence and patient quality of life.

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“…A few studies have shown that some groups of patients have positive views about pharmacists’ enhanced role in disease management and medication advice 40,41. However, other studies have found that patients do not perceive pharmacists as having a significant role in patient counseling, medication management, or monitoring; patients believe this to be primarily the task of physicians 42–44.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication during counseling sessions about inhaled corticosteroids at the community pharmacy

Driesenaar¹,

Smet²,

Hulten³

et al. 2016

PPA

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BackgroundPharmaceutical care is one of the major tasks of pharmacists, which aims to improve patient outcomes. Counseling patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease about their use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) might enhance medication adherence and symptom control. Therefore, effective pharmacist–patient communication is very important. In this regard, both affective communication, for handling emotions, and instrumental communication, for exchanging biomedical and lifestyle information, are relevant. Until now, only few studies have explored pharmacist–patient communication, and further insight is needed in this regard. The aim of this study is to investigate how pharmacists and pharmacy technicians communicate about ICS with patients with asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, what topics are discussed by them, and whether pharmacists and pharmacy technicians differ in their communication during counseling sessions.MethodsPatients aged ≥18 years who had used ICS for at least 1 year and filled at least two ICS prescriptions in the preceding year were recruited through 12 pharmacies. Participants had one counseling session with a pharmacist or a pharmacy technician, which was video-recorded. The process and content of the provider–patient communication were analyzed using the Roter interaction analysis system, adapted to the pharmaceutical setting.ResultsA total of 169 sessions were recorded and analyzed. The communication appeared largely instrumental. Lifestyle, psychosocial issues, and ICS adherence were not discussed in detail. The pharmacists had longer conversations and more affective talk than the pharmacy technicians.ConclusionPharmacists and pharmacy technicians may need to pay more attention to ICS adherence, lifestyle, and psychosocial topics. They differed in their communication; the pharmacists exhibited more affective behavior and discussed medical and therapeutic issues more extensively compared to the pharmacy technicians. Educational courses for pharmacists and pharmacy technicians could focus more on the discussion of adherence, lifestyle, and psychosocial topics with patients.

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The current and future roles of community pharmacists: Views and experiences of patients with type 2 diabetes

Cited by 36 publications

References 21 publications

Patient opinions on medicine-use review: exploring an expanding role of community pharmacists

Patient opinions on medicine-use review: exploring an expanding role of community pharmacists

The four or more medicines (FOMM) support service: results from an evaluation of a new community pharmacy service aimed at over-65s

Communication during counseling sessions about inhaled corticosteroids at the community pharmacy

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