Asian American literature has its roots in the nineteenth century, and Asian American criticism and theory grew out of the Asian American movement of the 1960s and 70s. An extremely broad field, Asian American criticism examines literature by people of East Asian, Southeast Asian, South Asian, and Middle Eastern descent. Since its beginnings, Asian American literary criticism and theory have engaged with feminism, Marxism, poststructuralism, queer theory, postcolonialism, and cultural studies in heterogeneous and productive ways.