The crystal-chemical principle in designing mineral-like phosphate ceramics for immobilization of radioactive waste

Орлова, А. И.; Орлова, В. А.; Orlova, M. P.; Bykov, D. M.; Stefanovskii, S. V.; Stefanovskaya, O. I.; Никонов, Б. С.

doi:10.1134/s1066362206040035

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…One such fraction contains long living actinide (An) isotopes, REE, Zr, and Fe (Kopyrin et al, 2006). The An : REE or An : Zr : REE ratios in this fraction is 1 : 10 or 1 : 3 : 10 in mass amounts, respectively (Vandergrift et al, 2004;Anderson et al, 1994;Demine et al, 2001;Orlova et al, 2006). Ameri cium, neptunium, and curium isotopes dominate among actinides along with LREE (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Isomorphism of actinides and REE in synthetic ferrite garnets

Livshits

2010

Geol. Ore Deposits

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The reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) is accompanied by the formation of liquid high level radioactive waste (HLW). To increase the safety of handling HLW, it is proposed to extract actinide isotopes (An) and REE from them. These elements may be incorporated into crystalline matrices, e.g., based on fer rites with garnet structure, and then disposed in a geologic repository. The actinide-REE fraction is charac terized by a complex composition. In addition to major components (An and REE), Al, Si, Na, and Sn occur therein in small amounts (a few wt %). Possible incorporation of the admixtures into ferrite garnets, as well as their effect on the phase composition of matrices and Th, Ce, Gd, and La contents were studied. It was shown that admixtures enter into garnet by means of isomorphic replacement. The properties of samples change only when admixtures are added in amounts exceeding their concentrations in HLW. The ability of ferrite garnets to accumulate significant amounts of An, REE, and admixture elements makes them suitable for use as matrices in immobilizing actinide-REE HLW of complex composition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Isomorphism of actinides and REE in synthetic ferrite garnets

Livshits

2010

Geol. Ore Deposits

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“…wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jace 901 F I G U R E 1 Polyhedral view of NZP crystal structure: PO 4 tetrahedra in yellow, ZrO 6 octahedra in green and Na atom in blue spheres especially for the ease of processing and incorporation of large amounts of processing chemicals and impurities. Sodium zirconium phosphate or NZP [NaZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ]whose natural mineral analogue is kosnarite [KZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ] 44 -is the prototypical member and namesake of a class of structurally related compounds and has attracted much attention, being an efficient Na ion conductor (NASICON). [45][46][47] The NZP structure has also been of particular interest in the area of nuclear waste immobilization, not only due to its low thermal expansion, but also its ability to accommodate a wide range of elements via cationic substitution within the crystal structure, especially fission products and actinides.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sodium zirconium phosphate‐based glass‐ceramics as potential wasteforms for the immobilization of nuclear wastes

et al. 2021

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A comprehensive study on the development of sodium zirconium phosphate (NZP)-based glass-ceramic composites as potential wasteforms for the immobilization of nuclear wastes is reported. Two complementary waste treatment routes, the ex situ and in situ crystallisation of NZP with a sodium aluminoborosilicate glass, were investigated with various processing conditions including sintering temperature, cooling rate and NZP to glass ratios. While the ex situ route with mixing of pre-made NZP and glass is a robust and reliable means of producing the glass-ceramic composites, the in situ crystallisation of NZP from an amorphous NZP precursor is a more realistic processing route. The formation of ZrO 2 as a minor phase was observed especially for high NZP to glass ratios due to the solubility difference between Zr and P oxides in glass. The addition of extra phosphate can overcome this and yield glass-ceramic composites with appropriate NZP stoichiometry. Overall, the NZP glass-ceramic system is versatile offering multiple processing options for nuclear waste management.

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“…В качестве матриц для захоронения лантаноидно-актиноидной фракции ВАО (Ln-An), со-держащей редкоземельные элементы цериевой группы с превалирующим содержанием нео-дима и долгоживущие изотопы Am и Cm [9], рассматриваются монофазные кристаллические керамики и стеклокерамические формы, включающие кристаллические фазы-концентраторы актиноидов [8]. В перечень наиболее устойчивых матричных фаз входят Zr-содержащие мине-ралоподобные фазы [10], среди которых заслуживают внимания фазы каркасного строения NZP типа на основе NaZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (триг.…”

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“…синг., пр. гр., R 3 c, Z = 6), являющиеся структурными аналога-ми минерала коснарит KZr 2 (PO 4 ) 3 и способные инкорпорировать смесь разновалентных катио-нов, включая Pu [7][8][9]. В работах [11,12] При этом утверждается, что вхождение Мо в состав монофазных систем структурного типа NZP приводит к уменьшению скорости выщелачивания Mo по сравнению со стеклами, стек-локерамикой и синроком, содержащими отдельные фазы хорошо растворимых молибдатов ще-лочных (Сs, Na) и щелочно-земельных (Ca, Sr, Ba) элементов.…”

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“…Соединения структурного типа NZP могут быть синтезированы различным путем, вклю-чая твердофазный синтез исходя из смеси порошков оксидов [13], «мокрые» методы подготов-ки прекурсора [9,12], золь-гель-метод [13], ионный обмен [14], гидротермальный синтез [15] и др. Авторами [16] продемонстрирована возможность иммобилизации имитатора Ln-An фрак-ции ВАО в монофазную матрицу на основе соединения Nd 2 Zr 3 (MoO 4 ) 9 (NZM), изоструктурного NZP-фазе, с использованием комбинированного способа, согласно которому прекурсор целе-вой фазы получают в процессе неспецифической сорбции всех компонентов имитатора мето-дом пропитки с применением неорганического сорбента -слоистого циркономолибдата состава Zr(MoO 4 ) 2 (NH 4 ) 2 O⋅H 2 O [16].…”

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