The Crossroads of Periodontitis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immune Implications and Tumor Promoting Capacities

Elebyary, Omnia; Barbour, Abdelahhad; Fine, Noah; Tenenbaum, Howard C.; Glogauer, Michael

doi:10.3389/froh.2020.584705

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…Pathogenic bacteria in periodontitis influence immune-regulatory networks, including cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, that can attenuate and interrupt immune surveillance ( Hajishengallis and Lambris, 2012 ). Such mechanisms not only allow pathogenic bacteria to thrive in the periodontium but may additionally encourage seeding of metastatic tumor cells and/or promote primary malignant lesions ( Elebyary et al., 2021 ). For example, P. gingivalis has also been shown to disrupt immune effectiveness via activation of STAT3, thus leading to generation of immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells that help to retain OSCC cell proliferation and encourage escape from immune surveillance ( Arjunan et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: It’s a Two-way Street: The Roles Of Oral Health In Systemic Health And Vice Versamentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Disease: The Good, The Bad, and The Unknown

Sedghi

Bacino

Kapila

2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

176

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Periodontal disease is classically characterized by progressive destruction of the soft and hard tissues of the periodontal complex, mediated by an interplay between dysbiotic microbial communities and aberrant immune responses within gingival and periodontal tissues. Putative periodontal pathogens are enriched as the resident oral microbiota becomes dysbiotic and inflammatory responses evoke tissue destruction, thus inducing an unremitting positive feedback loop of proteolysis, inflammation, and enrichment for periodontal pathogens. Keystone microbial pathogens and sustained gingival inflammation are critical to periodontal disease progression. However, recent studies have revealed the importance of previously unidentified microbes involved in disease progression, including various viruses, phages and bacterial species. Moreover, newly identified immunological and genetic mechanisms, as well as environmental host factors, including diet and lifestyle, have been discerned in recent years as further contributory factors in periodontitis. These factors have collectively expanded the established narrative of periodontal disease progression. In line with this, new ideologies related to maintaining periodontal health and treating existing disease have been explored, such as the application of oral probiotics, to limit and attenuate disease progression. The role of systemic host pathologies, such as autoimmune disorders and diabetes, in periodontal disease pathogenesis has been well noted. Recent studies have additionally identified the reciprocated importance of periodontal disease in potentiating systemic disease states at distal sites, such as in Alzheimer’s disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, and oral cancer, further highlighting the importance of the oral cavity in systemic health. Here we review long-standing knowledge of periodontal disease progression while integrating novel research concepts that have broadened our understanding of periodontal health and disease. Further, we delve into innovative hypotheses that may evolve to address significant gaps in the foundational knowledge of periodontal disease.

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Section: It’s a Two-way Street: The Roles Of Oral Health In Systemic Health And Vice Versamentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodontal Disease: The Good, The Bad, and The Unknown

Sedghi

Bacino

Kapila

2021

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

176

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“…In six patients (23%), no bone invasion was found by the pathologist, although there were elements of radiological and clinical suspicion. Three patients had severe periodontal disease near the tumor thus simulating bone invasion [ 13 ]. In these patients, the bone lesions turned out to be large osteitic areas associated with dental problems, however, periosteal invasion was histologically highlighted.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Margins After Computer-Assisted Mandibular Reconstruction: A Retrospective Study

Crosetti

Succo

Battiston

et al. 2022

Front. Oral. Health

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Purpose: The use of virtual surgical planning in head and neck surgery is growing strongly. In the literature, its validity, accuracy and clinical utility for mandibular reconstruction are widely documented. Virtual planning of surgical bone resection and reconstruction takes place several days before surgery and its very sensitive nature can negatively affect an intervention aimed at maximum precision in term of oncological safety.Methods: The study focuses on a retrospective evaluation of the surgical margins in 26 consecutive cases with oral cavity malignancy and who underwent computer-assisted mandibular resection/reconstruction guided by the different types of bone, periosteal and peri-mandibular tissue involvement. The goal was to analyze the strategic and technical aspects useful to minimize the risk of positive or close margins and to vary the reconstructive strategy in the case of intraoperative findings of a non-radical planned resection.Results: No intraoperative or perioperative complications occurred. In 20 patients, virtual surgical planning permitted mandibular reconstruction to be performed using composite fibular free flaps, characterized by high accuracy and negative bone margins. In the remaining 6 patients, also virtually planned but otherwise reconstructed due to poor general condition (advanced age, severe comorbidity), negative bone margins were obtained. Intraoperative enlargement of the resection was carried out in one case and positive soft tissue margins were observed in another case.Conclusion: The results were satisfactory in terms of oncological radicality and precision. The functional benefits and reduction in operating times, previously demonstrated in other articles also by the authors, seem to justify the side effects related to the risk of modifying the planned surgery. During virtual planning, the surgeons must bear in mind that an unexpected progression of the tumor or a limited planned resection will entail modifying the extent of the resection intraoperatively and nullifying the virtual planning on which the reconstruction was based. Further investigations are necessary to clarify all aspects of virtual surgical planning in this setting.

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“…As pointed out, chronic gingivitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the gums that can last for a prolonged period of time. It is caused by the buildup of plaque on the teeth, which can lead to the formation of bacterial colonies that produce toxins that irritate the gums [ 36 , 37 ]. Chronic inflammation and damage to the cells in the gums were suggested to increase the risk for oral cancer development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between Chronic Gingivitis and Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 19,782 Outpatients from the United Kingdom

Beger-Luedde¹,

Loosen

Luedde

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Purpose: Recent data argue for the involvement of inflammatory and infectious diseases in cancer development. However, clinical data on the association between chronic gingivitis and cancer have been less conclusive. Here, we systematically evaluated the cancer incidence in a population-based cohort of outpatients with chronic gingivitis from the United Kingdom. Methods: 9891 patients with chronic gingivitis and an identical number of people without gingivitis matched by age, gender, index year, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index were identified from the Disease Analyzer database (IQVIA) between January 2000 and December 2016. Cox regression models were used to study the association between gingivitis and cancer. Results: The probability of cancer was significantly higher among patients with diagnosed chronic gingivitis compared to non-gingivitis individuals (HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.15–1.62). In cancer site-stratified analyses, we observed a trend towards higher rates of cancer in almost all cancers (breast cancer, lymphoid system cancer, digestive tract cancers, skin cancer); however, a significant association was only observed for prostate cancer (HR: 3.38; 95% CI: 1.57–7.27). Notably, the largest increase in cancer rates was observed in male patients (HR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.13–1.89) between 41 and 60 years old (HR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.30–2.32). Conclusions: Our data suggest that chronic gingivitis represents an important risk factor for the development of cancer. Therefore, in the context of patient dental care, awareness should be raised to refer gingivitis patients to existing screening programs, especially for prostate cancer. Moreover, the consistent treatment of gingivitis could potentially have a positive impact on the morbidity of certain cancers.

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The Crossroads of Periodontitis and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immune Implications and Tumor Promoting Capacities

Cited by 13 publications

References 196 publications

Periodontal Disease: The Good, The Bad, and The Unknown

Periodontal Disease: The Good, The Bad, and The Unknown

Surgical Margins After Computer-Assisted Mandibular Reconstruction: A Retrospective Study

Association between Chronic Gingivitis and Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 19,782 Outpatients from the United Kingdom

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