“…In the absence of an interpretive frame accounting for cultural differences in self, feeling and relational style, unfamiliar cultural practices (eg, arranged marriage) were interpreted either through a universalistic lens that ignored the significance of culture or through a developmental lens that obscured the virtue of other ways of living. In recent years, however, there has been growing interest among psychoanalytic writers in the relationship between culture and self (see Roland, 1989;Altman, 1995;Cushman, 1995;Layton, 2004;Walls, 2004;White, 2004), as well more general interest in the crosscultural therapeutic dyad (see Davidson, 1987;Comas-Diaz and Jacobsen, 1991;Javier and Rendon, 1995;Perez-Foster, 1998;Akhtar, 1999;Seeley, 1999Seeley, , 2005Grey, 2001;Kuriloff, 2001;Kadyrov, 2002;Mann, 2002;Tummala-Narra, 2004;Bonovitz, 2005). Concordantly, pluralistic notions of cultural 'otherness' are emerging in psychoanalysis.…”