The Crisis of Democratic Representation in the Andes: An Overview

Mainwaring, Scott; Bejarano, Ana María; Leongómex, Eduardo Pixarro

doi:10.11126/stanford/9780804752787.003.0001

Cited by 52 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Rather it is the nature of the crisis -economic versus overall crisis of democratic representationthat facilitates the rise of the extreme right. In order to illustrate our argument we draw on literature on democratic representation and party system collapse (Mainwaring et al 2006 The starting point is the extent to which economic crisis is accompanied by problems of governability, thus acquiring a political dimension. Perceptions of state capacity are the link between political crisis and ideological crisis.…”

Section: The Rise Of the Extreme Right: A Crisis Of Democratic Represmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaching the Social Contract: Crises of Democratic Representation and Patterns of Extreme Right Party Support

Halikiopoulou¹,

Vasilopoulou²

2016

Gov. & oppos.

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Why has the extreme right Greek Golden Dawn, a party with clear links to fascism, experienced a rise defying all theories that claim that such a party is unlikely to win in post-Second World War Europe? And, if we accept that economic crisis is an explanation for this, why has such a phenomenon not occurred in other countries that have similar conducive conditions, such as Portugal and Spain? This article addresses this puzzle by: (1) carrying out a controlled comparison of Greece, Portugal and Spain; and (2) showing that the rise of the extreme right is not a question of intensity of economic crisis. Rather it is the nature of the crisis -that is, economic versus overall crisis of democratic representation -that facilitates the rise of the extreme right. We argue that extreme right parties are more likely to experience an increase in their support when economic crisis culminates into an overall crisis of democratic representation. Economic crisis is likely to become a political crisis when severe issues of governability impact upon the ability of the state to fulfil its social contract obligations. This breach of the social contract is accompanied by declining levels of trust in state institutions, resulting in party system collapse.

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Section: The Rise Of the Extreme Right: A Crisis Of Democratic Represmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaching the Social Contract: Crises of Democratic Representation and Patterns of Extreme Right Party Support

Halikiopoulou¹,

Vasilopoulou²

2016

Gov. & oppos.

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“…By 2000 Bolivia's 'disjunctive democracy' had produced a serious crisis in the party system (Mainwaring et al, 2006;García Linera, 2006a).…”

Section: Disjunctive Democracy In Boliviamentioning

confidence: 99%

‘All of us are Presidents’: Radical democracy and citizenship in the Chapare Province, Bolivia¹

Grisaffi

2013

Critique of Anthropology

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"All of us are presidents" examines the promise and disappointments of direct democracy that followed Evo Morales' election as president of Bolivia. Working with the literature on politics, the state, and social movements in Latin America, the author contrasts ideas of normative democracy with radical democracy. The article pursues two ideas. First, in the wake of Morales' election his core political base in the Chapare region perceived and engaged in politics as if they exercised direct, structural authority over the president's policies. Second, while Morales initially embraced direct democracy he quickly distanced himself from this practice. As the coca growers observe, Morales abandon their political practices they have ceased to refer to themselves as presidents. Therefore, the author suggest that the model of direct democracy that Morales and his aides have promoted is in fact nothing more than a stark utopian claim designed to ensure the legitimacy of the MAS party.

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“…En gran parte de América Latina, los partidos inspiran poca confianza y apoyo del público, y muchos regímenes democráticos se han visto plagados por la volatilidad electoral crónica, la ruptura de los sistemas de partidos históricos y el surgimiento de nuevos movimientos de protesta y/o populistas outsiders que movilizan en contra del establishment político. Paradójicamente entonces, la consolidación democrática -o al menos la supervivencia democrática-ha coincidido con una «crisis de representación» y un desencanto generalizado con respecto al establishment político en gran parte de la región (Hagopian 1998;Cavarozzi y Casullo 2002;Mainwaring, Bejarano y Leongómez 2006;Oxhorn 2011;yashar 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Market Reform, Programmatic (De)alignment, and Party System Stability in Latin America

Roberts

2012

Comparative Political Studies

157

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RESUMEN: Aunque los regímenes democráticos en América Latina desde la década de 1980 han sido estables, los sistemas de partidos en la región continúan experimentando altos niveles de inestabilidad electoral. Un enfoque de las coyunturas críticas sobre el cambio institucional sugiere que la variación en la estabilidad de los sistemas de partidos está relacionada con el impacto de la liberalización del mercado en el alineamiento o (des)alineamiento programático de la competencia partidaria en las décadas de 1980 y de 1990. Las reformas de mercado adoptadas por los líderes conservadores, y a las cuales se opusieron un importante número de partidos de izquierda, alinearon a los sistemas de partidos de manera programática, permitiendo que la oposición social se canalizara mediante formas institucionalizadas de la competencia que eran altamente estables durante la era postajuste. Contrariamente, las reformas de «seducir y abandonar» adoptadas por los líderes populistas y de izquierda provocaron un (des)alineamiento programático de los sistemas de partidos, dejándolos vulnerables a secuencias reactivas desestabilizadoras en el período posterior a la reforma -incluyendo protestas sociales masivas, la desaparición de los partidos conservadores históricos y el reemplazo de los partidos populistas tradicionales o de izquierda por otros outsiders más radicales y antineoliberales-. Así, la dinámica política de los ajustes económicos y de mercado condicionaron severamente la manera en que los sistemas de partidos pudieron procesar el revivir de las alternativas populistas y de izquierda de la región durante el período postajuste.Palabras clave: América Latina, partidos políticos, reformas de mercado, coyunturas críticas, alineamiento programático, volatilidad electoral.

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The Crisis of Democratic Representation in the Andes: An Overview

Cited by 52 publications

References 3 publications

Breaching the Social Contract: Crises of Democratic Representation and Patterns of Extreme Right Party Support

Breaching the Social Contract: Crises of Democratic Representation and Patterns of Extreme Right Party Support

‘All of us are Presidents’: Radical democracy and citizenship in the Chapare Province, Bolivia¹

Market Reform, Programmatic (De)alignment, and Party System Stability in Latin America

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The Crisis of Democratic Representation in the Andes: An Overview

Cited by 52 publications

References 3 publications

Breaching the Social Contract: Crises of Democratic Representation and Patterns of Extreme Right Party Support

Breaching the Social Contract: Crises of Democratic Representation and Patterns of Extreme Right Party Support

‘All of us are Presidents’: Radical democracy and citizenship in the Chapare Province, Bolivia1

Market Reform, Programmatic (De)alignment, and Party System Stability in Latin America

Contact Info

Product

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‘All of us are Presidents’: Radical democracy and citizenship in the Chapare Province, Bolivia¹