“…Moreover, at the time, academic and experimental knowledge relating to children was amply disseminated at the international level through networks of individuals, organizations, and institutions that worked on these issues at various levels of formality. Also, between 1840 and World War I increasingly frequent international congresses were held to discuss charity, sponsorship, assistance, or penal reform (Droux 2011;Dupont-Bouchat 2002;Fuchs 2007a;Rollet 2001). These networks and congresses disseminated information, helped develop national models for child welfare, and were behind the adoption of many national policies on education, welfare and sanitation (Becchi 1998;Cunningham 2005;Heywood 2001).…”