The cranium of <i>Proviverra typica</i> (Mammalia, Hyaenodonta) and its impact on hyaenodont phylogeny and endocranial evolution

Dubied, Morgane; Solé, Floréal; Mennecart, Bastien

doi:10.1111/pala.12437

Cited by 11 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This clade is closely related to Leonhardtina (PP = 30%). This -poorly supported -relationship was not found neither in Solé & Mennecart (2019) nor in Dubied et al (2019). The new Leonhardtina species described herein is closely related to Leonhardtina gracilis (PP = 80%).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 49%

“…As in Solé & and Dubied et al (2019), the clade Proviverrinae is not located at the base of the Hyaenodonta but is the sister clade of the Hyaenodontidae. This result supports the concept of Hyaenodontoidea proposed by to designate the clade formed by the common ancestor of Proviverra and Hyaenodon (Fig.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 82%

“…taxonomy and Dubied et al (2019) modified the Borths & Stevens (2017c) matrix. Their phylogenetic study refuted the monophyly of "Proviverrinae" sensu Solé (2013), resolving "proviverrines" as part of the hyaenodontine stem lineage.…”

Section: Dental Nomenclature and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We did not build a new character-taxon matrix but we combined the matrices published by , Dubied et al (2019), andBorths &Stevens (2019). However, we have some disagreements with the coding of some European hyaenodonts in the character-taxon matrix created by Borths & Stevens (2017c.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Borths et al 2016; Borths & Seiffert 2017;Borths & Stevens 2017a, b, c, 2019Dubied et al 2019). The analysis ("all compact" consensus tree;Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian

2020

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We describe the carnivorous mammals from the Eocene French locality of Aumelas (Hérault, France). All the carnivores that have been recovered from the fossiliferous locality belong to the Hyaenodonta, a group that was very diverse during the Eocene of Europe. Three new species are described. Matthodon peignei n. sp. is intermediate in size between M. menui (Rich, 1971) and M. tritens Lange-Badré & Haubold, 1990. This is the first known occurrence of this genus in southwestern Europe. Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. is distinct from other Oxyaenoides Matthes, 1967 species by its smaller size (15% smaller than O. bicuspidens Matthes, 1967). A third new species is proposed from Aumelas: Leonhardtina meridianum n. sp. The hyaenodonts from Aumelas appear to be morphologically similar to hyaenodonts from late Ypresian to early Lutetian of the northwestern Europe (European mammal reference level MP10 and MP11). These new species are incorporated into a phylogenetic analysis and are resolved within the clade Hyaenodontoidea. Our analysis interestingly recovered the Prionogalidae and Thereu therium as members of the Hyainailourinae. Based on the carnivorous faunal analysis, Aumelas is likely close to the Ypresian/Lutetian transition. However, because the hyaenodonts display unusual sizes that could result from provincialism, dates for Aumelas based on only these taxa should be treated cautiously, and will require confirmation based on a broader faunal analysis.

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Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Dental Nomenclature and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Borths et al 2016; Borths & Seiffert 2017;Borths & Stevens 2017a, b, c, 2019Dubied et al 2019). The analysis ("all compact" consensus tree;Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian

2020

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New data on the mammalian fauna from the late middle Eocene (MP 15–16) of Mazaterón (Soria, Spain): The youngest presence of the genus Prodissopsalis (Hyaenodonta, Hyaenodontidae) in Europe

Salesa

Siliceo

Antón

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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The Hyaenodonta were the most diverse carnivorous mammals in the European Eocene and were classically divided into three subfamilies: Sinopaninae, Arfianinae, and Proviverrinae, with this latter being the most successful of the three, as it exhibited a much larger geographic and temporal range. This classification is currently abandoned, as cladistic analyses of Hyaenodonta showed that several of these groups were paraphyletic. In any case, the former “proviverrines” were European endemic hyaenodontids which occupied the niche of small to medium‐sized predators from the Ypresian (MP7) to the Priabonian (MP19). Recent phylogenetic proposals recognize the “Eurotherium clade” including this latter genus, besides Cartierodon and Prodissopsalis. A single species is known for Prodissopsalis, Prodissopsalis eocaenicus, previously recorded in European fossil sites of MP 12 to MP 14; nevertheless, the new material studied here, a mandible of a subadult individual from the late Middle Eocene (Bartonian, MP 15–16) site of La Solana (Mazaterón, Soria, Spain) constitutes a new species of Prodissopsalis and the youngest record of this genus up to now, extending its chronological range and remarking the shelter role of the northwestern region of the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle and Late Eocene. The new species, Prodissopsalis jimenezi provides new data not only on the eruption sequence of the genus, but also on the evolution of its dental adaptations, as the new species exhibits a more trenchant, hypercarnivorous dentition in comparison to the more primitive species P. eocaenicus, which would point toward a refining of the hunting abilities of this hyaenodont during the Middle Eocene.

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Digital endocasts from two late Eocene carnivores shed light on the evolution of the brain at the origin of Carnivora

Flink

Werdelin

2022

Papers in Palaeontology

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The evolution of the brain at the origin of Carnivora remains poorly understood, largely owing to the limited number of cranial endocasts known from Carnivoramorpha and basal crown Carnivora. Here, we use x‐ray computed tomography to create digital endocasts of two early carnivores, Quercygale angustidens and Gustafsonia cognita. Quercygale angustidens is generally regarded as the sister taxon to Carnivora and Nimravidae and is thus of great interest to further our understanding of the evolutionary changes that occurred at the origin of Carnivora. Gustafsonia cognita provides a comparison to a contemporary crown carnivoran. We describe the endocasts of these two taxa, placing them in the context of carnivoramorphan phylogeny. Both endocasts preserve the cerebellum in great detail, resulting in a better understanding of the morphology of this part of the brain in early carnivores. Gustafsonia cognita, despite its small size, geological age and basal position, displays a sulcal pattern typical of Amphicyonidae, reaffirming its position within the family. Nimravids; and early carnivorans, such as Gustafsonia cognita, Proailurus lemanensis and Hesperocyon gregarius, have more expanded neocortices than Quercygale angustidens. Current evidence suggests that the increase in gyrification in basal Carnivoramorpha occurred mainly through elongation of existing sulci and entered a new phase at the origin of crown Carnivora. Additional sulci appeared in early members of the order, resulting in distinctive sulcal patterns in the different carnivoran families. Nevertheless, more endocasts of basal carnivorans and carnivoramorphans are needed to better understand the processes driving the evolution of the brain in this group.

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The cranium of Proviverra typica (Mammalia, Hyaenodonta) and its impact on hyaenodont phylogeny and endocranial evolution

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian

The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian

New data on the mammalian fauna from the late middle Eocene (MP 15–16) of Mazaterón (Soria, Spain): The youngest presence of the genus Prodissopsalis (Hyaenodonta, Hyaenodontidae) in Europe

Digital endocasts from two late Eocene carnivores shed light on the evolution of the brain at the origin of Carnivora

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