The COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Bong, C; Brasher, Christopher; Chikumba, Edson; McDougall, Robert J; Mellin‐Olsen, Jannicke; Enright, Angela

doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000004846

Cited by 377 publications

(344 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Science and technology are fighting against time and many forms of uncertainty. For example, even if international guidelines for data reporting and sharing have been developed even before the COVID-19 pandemic (Modjarrad et al 2016 ), science is fighting against the lack of national and international standards for data collection and sharing (Lau et al 2020 ), against the overproduction of fake news or pseudo-scientific rumours that continue to influence people (Frenkel et al 2020 ; Bavel et al 2020 ) and, in many countries, against the slashing of resources in research and public health systems (Bong et al 2020 ). Also, methods of interaction (in an official, reliable, and trustful manner) with policymakers take time.…”

Section: Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Present Shock and Time Re-appropriation in the Pandemic Era

et al. 2020

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The crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic led most people all over the world to deal with a change in their perception and organization of time. This happened also, and mainly, within the educational institutions, where students and teachers had to rearrange their teaching/learning dynamics because of the forced education at a distance. In this paper, we present an exploratory qualitative study with secondary school students aimed to investigate how they were experiencing their learning during lockdown and how, in particular, learning of science contributed to rearranging their daily lifetime rituals. In order to design and carry out our investigation, we borrowed constructs coming from a research field rather unusual for science education: the field of sociology of time. The main result concerns the discovery of the potential of the dichotomy between alienation from time and time re-appropriation. The former is a construct elaborated by the sociologist Hartmut Rosa to describe the society of acceleration in the “era of future shock”. The latter represents an elaboration of the construct of appropriation that the authors had operationally defined, starting from Bakhtin’s original idea, to describe the nexus between physics learning and identity. Thanks to the elaboration of the notion of time re-appropriation as feature of the “era of present shock”, the study unveils how school science, instead of preparing the young to navigate our fast-changing and complex society, tends to create “bubbles of rituals” that detach learning from societal concern.

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Section: Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Present Shock and Time Re-appropriation in the Pandemic Era

et al. 2020

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“…Plenty of social and economic issues exist in these regions over which the present pandemic is an additional burden. Personal protective equipment (PPE), hand sanitizers, hospital beds, ICU beds, ventilators, oxygen- all are of limited supply in these countries ( Bong et al, 2020 ). The LMICs of Africa and Asia struggle with inadequacy and disproportionate distribution of the existing workforce in the mental health sector, improper infrastructure, and low mental health literacy ( Papalois & Theodosopoulou, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health research in the lower-middle-income countries of Africa and Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review

Kar

Oyetunji

Prakash

et al. 2020

Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research

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“…The challenge of COVID-19 is very high globally due to a lack of proven treatment and the complexity of its transmission [16][17][18][19][20]. However, the impact is more catastrophic for low and middle-income countries because of very poor health care system, high illiteracy and low awareness of the disease and its prevention, lack of skilled health personnel, scarce Intensive Care Unit, a limited number of mechanical ventilators, and prevalence of co-morbidities/infection along with malnutrition [15,[20][21][22].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Postoperative mortality among surgical patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abate

Mantefardo

Basu

2020

Preprint

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Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic puts perioperative providers and staff at risk of viral exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) during aerosol-generating procedures, particularly in asymptomatic carriers. However, the perioperative risk for adverse outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients remain uncertain and the topic of debate. The current study was designed to determine the postoperative mortality in COVID-19 patients based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of the global published peer-reviewed literature.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed/Medline; Science direct and LILACS from December 29, 2019, to August15, 2020, without language restriction. All observational studies reporting the prevalence of mortality were included while case reports and reviews were excluded. The data from each study were extracted with two independent authors with a customized format excel sheet and the disagreements were resolved by the third author. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using a standardized critical appraisal Tool adapted from the Joanna Briggs Institute.Results: A total of 715 articles were identified from different databases and 45 articles were selected for evaluation after the successive screening. Twenty-three articles with 2947 participants were included. The meta-analysis revealed a very high global rate of postoperative mortality among COVID-19 patients of 20% (95% CI: 15 to 26) and a postoperative ICU admission rate of 15% (95% confidence interval (CI):10 to 21). Conclusion: The unexpected high postoperative mortality rate in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients of 20% in the global literature mandates further scrutiny in assuring appropriate surgical indications and perioperative surgical safety measures in this vulnerable cohort of patientsRegistration: This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in Prospero's international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42020203362) on August 10, 2020.

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The COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects on Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Cited by 377 publications

References 17 publications

The Present Shock and Time Re-appropriation in the Pandemic Era

The Present Shock and Time Re-appropriation in the Pandemic Era

Mental health research in the lower-middle-income countries of Africa and Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review

Postoperative mortality among surgical patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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