The COVID-19 Pandemic as a threatening for bone health

Abstract

The worldwide predominance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic will have tremendous consequences on bone health of the general population and specifically to the bone mineral density of both young and elderly adolescents, due to sedentary lifestyle resulting from the prolonged and repeated lockdown. Scientific articles argue about the short and long term consequences on bone health resulting from the social isolation and the subsequent sedentary behaviors, whereas experts focus their scientific interest at guidelines for diagnosis, management and prevention of osteoporosis in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic

Bone fragility during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of macro- and micronutrients

“…6,7 Moreover, it is expected that the impact of the sedentary lifestyle adopted during the pandemic also due to the prolonged and repeated lockdown, might have affected bone health, both in young and elderly people, increasing the risk for fragility fractures. 8 COVID-19 seems to have a detrimental effect on the musculoskeletal system also at the biological level. Indeed, a key role regards the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2).…”

“…6,7 Moreover, it is expected that the impact of the sedentary lifestyle adopted during the pandemic also due to the prolonged and repeated lockdown, might have affected bone health, both in young and elderly people, increasing the risk for fragility fractures. 8…”

Effect of COVID‐19 pandemic on lifestyle and bone mineral density in young adults

“…These changes are reflected in sugar‐rich food intake and increased alcohol consumption which alter the ratio between desired calorific intake and energy expenditure (Cheval et al, 2021; Patanavanich & Glantz, 2020). The sedentary lifestyle imposed by prolonged and repeated pandemic lockdown can affect bone health in both the young and elderly by increasing the risk of bone fragility, osteoporosis, and possible fractures (Kotsalou et al, 2021; Moretti et al, 2023). Essential body mineral sources are threatened.…”