The Council on National Affairs

Bolen, Jean Shinoda

doi:10.1176/ajp.140.3.381

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For the first time, in 1982, an FMG psychiatrist, Rodrigo Munoz, was appointed chair of the APA Committee on Foreign Medical Graduates (Bolen, 1983). Munoz’s committee created a newsletter and advocated for mechanisms to increase recruiting of FMG psychiatrists to the APA (Nadelson, 1984).…”

Section: Valued But Often Malignedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foreign medical graduates and American psychiatry

Hirshbein

2022

Hist Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graduates from foreign medical schools (FMGs) began to staff US state psychiatric hospitals after World War II, and became increasingly associated with the poor quality of those institutions. Public and professional commentary on FMGs criticized their skills and suitability for the US healthcare system in the 1970s, at the same time that state hospitals were under increasing attack. By the 1980s and 1990s, the association between international medical graduates (as they became known) and underserved populations became an argument in favour of easing restrictions on these graduates. The role of foreign-trained psychiatrists in the US public sector became a way for American psychiatry leaders to manage the problems of the seriously mentally ill, first with blame and then with neglect.

show abstract

Section: Valued But Often Malignedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foreign medical graduates and American psychiatry

Hirshbein

2022

Hist Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some pastoral counselors warned that the biochemical revolution in psychiatry was creating uncertainty for both patients and for the interactions between psychiatrists and clergy (Reed, 1981). On the other hand, the movement toward biological explanations and approaches in psychiatry left significant space for pastoral care to help with quality of careas long as pastoral care providers adhered to some kind of standards (Bolen, 1983). From the pastoral care perspective, psychiatry had left the question of religion out of the profession by the move to biological psychiatry.…”

Section: Boundaries and Cracksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why psychiatry might cooperate with religion: The Michigan Society of Pastoral Care, 1945–1968

Hirshbein

2020

J History Behavioral Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The early decades of the pastoral care movement were characterized by a remarkable collaboration with psychiatry. While historians of the religious aspects of this movement have noted the reliance of pastoral care on psychiatry and psychology, it has been less clear how and why mental health professionals elected to work with clergy. This paper uses the Michigan Society of Pastoral Care (MSPC), one of the early training programs for hospital chaplains on the model of the Boston-based Institute for Pastoral Care, as a window to explore the interactions between psychiatry and religion at mid century. Raymond Waggoner, the nationally recognized and well-connected chair of the psychiatry department at the University of Michigan, was instrumental in expanding the influential pastoral care program at his hospital and in his state as part of his bigger mission of emphasizing the fundamental role of psychiatry in American life. Waggoner played a key role within the MSPC, in conjunction with leaders within the medical departments of the major hospitals in the state. All of the members of the MSPC viewed psychiatry's insights as essential for pastoral care, with the caveat that chaplains should remain pupils, not practitioners of psychotherapy.

show abstract