The Costs of Employment Segregation: Evidence from the Federal Government Under Woodrow Wilson

Aneja, Abhay; Xu, Guo

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3687954

SSRN Journal

2020

DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3687954

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The Costs of Employment Segregation: Evidence from the Federal Government Under Woodrow Wilson

Abhay Aneja,

Guo Xu

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2022

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“…2 Instead, studies of municipal civil service commissions have focused primarily on assessing their effects on public services (Lineberry and Fowler 1967;Ornaghi 2019;Rauch 1995). This oversight stands in contrast to work on other Progressive Era municipal reforms and where descriptive representation has been studied as an outcome (e.g., Trounstine and Valdini 2008) and the descriptive consequences of racial segregation in the federal bureaucracy (Aneja and Xu 2022).…”

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The Representational Consequences of Municipal Civil Service Reform

Kuipers

Sahn

2022

Am Polit Sci Rev

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A prominent argument holds that the chief purpose of municipal civil service reform in the United States was to dislodge the overrepresentation of recent immigrants in city government. Using new data on all municipal employees from 1850 to 1940 and employing three research designs, we detect no evidence that the share of local government jobs held by foreign-born whites decreased following the introduction of reforms. Instead, we show that foreign-born whites—Irish immigrants in particular—experienced substantial gains in local government employment, concentrated in blue-collar occupations in small- and medium-sized municipalities. Our results call for a revisionist interpretation of Progressive Era reforms by questioning generalizations drawn from the experience of the largest cities in the United States. For most municipalities, instead, civil service reform in fact opened avenues to representation for members of foreign-born constituencies who had previously been locked out of government jobs.

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The Representational Consequences of Municipal Civil Service Reform

Kuipers

Sahn

2022

Am Polit Sci Rev

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The Costs of Employment Segregation: Evidence from the Federal Government Under Woodrow Wilson

Cited by 1 publication

References 82 publications

The Representational Consequences of Municipal Civil Service Reform

The Representational Consequences of Municipal Civil Service Reform

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