“…26 In 2010, nine states (CA, CT, HI, MA, MN, NV, OR, RI, VT) with decades of policy commitments to efficiency programs were achieving savings of at least 1 percent of retail electricity sales (Barbose et al 2013). By 2015, efficiency programs funded by customers offset at least 1 percent of IOU load in 23 states, with four states exceeding savings of 2 percent of sales (Hoffman et al 2018). Policy supports for efficiency programs funded by IOU customers drove much of this expansion in program-driven savings.…”