The cost of depth: frost avoidance trade-offs in herbaceous plants

Lubbe, Frederick Curtis; Henry, Hugh A. L.

doi:10.1007/s11104-019-04266-9

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Herbaceous plants in general tend to inhabit colder and/or drier habitats compared to their woody relatives (Zanne et al, , ). Within herbaceous plants, those with buds buffered from the climate (e.g., by soil or leaf litter) typically inhabit even more extreme climates (Howard et al, ; Lubbe & Henry, ,b; Sosa, Cameron, Angulo, & Hernández‐Hernández, ). For bulbous geophytes, our results suggest that taxa with larger bulbs appear to be best suited for warmer, more thermally stable climates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunicate bulb size variation in monocots explained by temperature and phenology

Howard

Cellinese

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Plant bulbs are modified shoot systems comprised of short internodes with apical bud(s) surrounded by layers of leaf bases. Bulb diameters can vary greatly, with overall bulb size playing a role in flower formation and resource allocation. Despite the importance of bulb size to the overall fitness of an individual, evolutionary and ecological aspects of this trait have been almost completely neglected. Examining over 2,500 herbarium vouchers for 115 selected species, we analyzed monocot tunicate bulb size within a phylogenetic context in order to investigate its evolutionary significance. We recorded two bulb diameter optima and observed that as bulb size increases taxa inhabit warmer areas with less temperature seasonality. Furthermore, we found that hysteranthous taxa, a habit where leaves emerge separately from flowers, exhibit overall larger bulbs potentially due to reliance upon belowground stored resources to flower rather than on current environmental inputs. This work highlights the importance of including the belowground portion of plants into ecological and evolutionary studies in order to gain a more complete understanding of the evolution of plant forms and functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunicate bulb size variation in monocots explained by temperature and phenology

Howard

Cellinese

2020

Ecology and Evolution

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“…geophytes, as opposed to hemicryptophytes) can allow the avoidance or reduction of frost stress (Boydston et al, 2006;Lubbe & Henry, 2019a;Koocheki & Seyyedi, 2019) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Winter Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil forms an insulating layer, and the penetration of freezing temperatures into the soil from the air typically declines with increasing soil depth; thus deep organ placement (i.e. geophytes, as opposed to hemicryptophytes) can allow the avoidance or reduction of frost stress (Boydston et al., 2006; Koocheki & Seyyedi, 2019; Lubbe & Henry, 2019a; Figure 1). Increased freezing intensity, magnitude, frequency, or duration of the freezing period can increase the likelihood of ice formation inside a perennating organ and thus injury, primarily to cellular membranes (McKersie & Lesham, 1994; Slováková et al., 2010).…”

Section: The Perennating Organs Of Herbs In An Ecological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter belowground: Changing winters and the perennating organs of herbaceous plants

2021

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“…CaraDonna & Bain, 2016). As temperatures become less extreme with soil depth, damage by frosts becomes less likely (Geiger et al ., 2009; Lubbe & Henry, 2019). Protection of the buds against freezing temperature may also be achieved by the large winter snowpack that is common in alpine and arctic communities with a large proportion of IPB species (Körner et al ., 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental manipulations of two preforming species also showed strongly delayed biomass response to unpredictable (environmental) fluctuations in nutrient availability (Worley & Harder, 1999; Werger & Huber, 2006). In addition, deeper positioning of buds requires additional energy and time for spring sprouting (Lubbe & Henry, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflorescence preformation prior to winter: a surprisingly widespread strategy that drives phenology of temperate perennial herbs

Schnablová¹,

Huang

Klimešová³

et al. 2020

New Phytologist

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Organ preformation in overwintering buds of perennial plants has been known for almost two centuries. It is hypothesized to underlie fast growth and early flowering, but its frequency, phylogenetic distribution, and ecological relevance have never been systematically examined. We microscopically observed inflorescence preformation in overwintering buds (IPB) in the autumn. We studied a phylogenetically and ecologically representative set of 330 species of temperate perennial angiosperms and linked these observations with quantitative data on species' flowering phenology, genome size, and ecology. IPB was observed in 34% of species examined (in 14% species the stamens and/or pistils were already developed). IPB is fairly phylogenetically conserved and frequent in many genera (Alchemilla, Carex, Euphorbia, Geranium, Primula, Pulmonaria) or families (Ranunculaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Violaceae, Boraginaceae). It was found in species of any genome size, although it was almost universal in those with large genomes. Compared with non-IPB species, IPB species flowered 38 d earlier on average and were more common in shaded and undisturbed habitats. IPB is a surprisingly widespread adaptation for early growth in predictable (undisturbed) conditions. It contributes to temporal niche differentiation and has important consequences for understanding plant phenology, genome size evolution, and phylogenetic structure of plant communities.

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The cost of depth: frost avoidance trade-offs in herbaceous plants

Cited by 13 publications

References 30 publications

Tunicate bulb size variation in monocots explained by temperature and phenology

Tunicate bulb size variation in monocots explained by temperature and phenology

Winter belowground: Changing winters and the perennating organs of herbaceous plants

Inflorescence preformation prior to winter: a surprisingly widespread strategy that drives phenology of temperate perennial herbs

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