The cost of convenience; Air pollution and noise on freeway and arterial light rail station platforms in Los Angeles

Houston, Douglas; Dang, Andy; Wu, Jun; Chowdhury, Zohir; Edwards, Rufus

doi:10.1016/j.trd.2016.09.011

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As a note on variables, the research team removed the presence of public art at the stations, as all stations except for one displayed public art. Variables that were considered, as suggested by literature [72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81], included structural features like walls within the stations, restrooms, information centers, ticket offices, crew rooms, and map boxes to observe whether they emitted sound throughout the stations or not [72,73,74,75]. Also, crew rooms, restrooms, shelters, benches, windscreens, bus bays, and trash receptacles are regularly cleaned by custodial staff in the study locations [76].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Sound and Amenities of Transit-Oriented Developments

Yildirim

Allen

Albright

2019

IJERPH

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Experts in diverse fields have investigated sound in cities throughout the United States. This research aims to examine sound levels and determine its contributors at the transit-oriented development (TOD) station and neighborhood levels by studying selected Dallas Area Rapid Transit (DART) light rail stations. A multilevel analysis was performed to model the likelihood of TOD stations and neighborhoods affecting sound levels, controlling for station amenities, socio-demographics and built environment characteristics. Sound measurements were sampled in three time intervals with 15 min sampling over weekdays and weekends at TOD and non-TOD stations by a type II SPL meter that was mounted on a small camera tripod at a height of 1.5 m, at a distance of 1.5 m from rails and curbs. The research team found that amenities, built environmental characteristics, and neighborhood features have significant implications on sound levels at both the TOD station and the neighborhood level, which affects quality of life (QoL). TOD stations that include more amenities have a greater level of significance on sound levels. Additionally, neighborhoods with a pervasive street grid configuration, public facilities, and built environment densities are significantly associated with a likelihood of high sound levels. Conversely, higher population densities and intersection densities decrease the likelihood of a high sound level environment. These patterns provide an arena for transportation, urban, and environmental planning and policymaking to generate transformative solutions and policies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Sound and Amenities of Transit-Oriented Developments

Yildirim

Allen

Albright

2019

IJERPH

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“…Beyond engineering simulation and measurement studies, there are studies focusing on the perspective of regulatory development and urban planning. A study in Los Angeles tested the noise of each station and assessed the difference between the freeway and arterial platforms in order to identify and address the impact of noise from rail transit operations to nearby residents [23]. The findings of their study uncovered important factors for transport planners to consider when locating and designing in-roadway LRT platforms, such as vibration and noise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Noise and Vibration Impacts to Buildings Due to Urban Rail Transit and Mitigation Measures

Hao

Liu

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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The developments in urban rail transit (URT) construction are associated with the benefits of moving people efficiently and the negative impacts of noise and vibrations caused to surroundings. Despite a proliferation of studies conducted throughout the world, very few studies employed the field measurement approach due to various limitations. Using a metropolitan city, Tianjin (China), as an example, field measurement was set up to monitor the indoor vibration and noise spectrum in buildings near urban rapid transit lines to establish a baseline as well as the effectiveness of corresponding mitigation measures, namely wheel-rail polishing and train speed reduction. While our study suggests a maximum 6 dB reduction in indoor vibration, the effectiveness of noise and vibration reduction measures depends on the attenuation of the main frequency corresponding to the secondary radiation noise of the indoor vibration excitation in the building. In our field test, the peaks of the frequency spectrum were found to be 40, 50, 63 and 80 Hz. The secondary radiation noise attenuation and vibration were invariant to the change in frequency spectrum. Mitigation measures such as polishing may cause vibration frequency to peak in non-main frequency spectrums. URT speed reduction will lead to vibration and noise attenuation energy being concentrated at around 50 Hz. Given the presently inconsistent and widely varying industrial and international standards, this study can provide important field measurement data supporting future development in standards, regulation and legislation with respect to URT development, especially in mature townships.

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“…The use of LRT systems results in air quality benefits by reducing greenhouse gases on the streets [22] and in-vehicle pollutants exposure of the commuters [1]. However, the effects on air quality are greatly reduced if the infrastructures are located near busy roads [23]. A further issue, common to vehicular traffic and LRT systems, are non-exhaust emissions whose concentrations, exposure and health impact are still poor measured and understood [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge there are no studies on the impact of similar transport systems in small cities like Perugia, as the only studies available for comparison refer to much more populated cities located in very different contexts [1,22,23]. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the impact of MM as a source of pollutants in the urban context, and the exposure of people in the cabins and the platforms along the MM line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and Extent of Particulate Matter Emissions of a Ropeway Public Mobility System in the City Center of Perugia (Central Italy)

et al. 2021

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Minimetrò (MM) is a ropeway public mobility system that has been in operation in the city of Perugia for about ten years to integrate with urban mobility and lighten vehicular traffic in the historic city center. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the impact of MM as a source of pollutants in the urban context, and the exposure of people in the cabins and the platforms along the MM line. These topics have been investigated by means of intensive measurement and sampling campaigns performed in February and June 2015 on three specific sites of the MM line representative of different sources and levels of urban pollution. Stationary and dynamic measurements of particle size distribution, nanoparticle and black carbon aerosol number and mass concentrations measurements were performed by means of different bench and portable instruments. Aerosol sampling was carried out using low volume and high-volume aerosol samplers, and the samples nalysed by off-line methods. Results show that MM is a considerable source of atmospheric particulate matter having characteristics very similar to those of the common urban road dust in Perugia. In the lack of clear indications on road dust effect, the contribution of MM to the aerosol in Perugia cannot be neglected.

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The cost of convenience; Air pollution and noise on freeway and arterial light rail station platforms in Los Angeles

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

The Relationship between Sound and Amenities of Transit-Oriented Developments

The Relationship between Sound and Amenities of Transit-Oriented Developments

Study of Noise and Vibration Impacts to Buildings Due to Urban Rail Transit and Mitigation Measures

Characteristics and Extent of Particulate Matter Emissions of a Ropeway Public Mobility System in the City Center of Perugia (Central Italy)

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