The Cost Effectiveness of Human Papillomavirus Vaccines

Seto, Katherine; Marra, Fawziah; Raymakers, Adam; Marra, Carlo

doi:10.2165/11599470-000000000-00000

Cited by 69 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…42,43 Indeed, multiple early modelling studies reported that vaccinating boys is less costeffective than achieving high uptake rates in females. 44,45 However, many early economic models did not account for marginal administration costs, inadequate uptake rates in females, the burden of noncervical diseases (e.g., including oral cancer and genital warts), the MSM population, sexual exploration with same-sex partners, individuals engaging in sexual activity outside their country or "herd," or the recent recommended shift from three to two doses of the vaccine. 46,47 What new evidence could support more widespread HPV vaccination programs for boys?…”

Section: Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2,48 Many modelling studies do not consider that Canadian men will not be protected if they have sexual contact with individuals from countries without an HPV vaccine program or with an HPV vaccine program that has very low uptake rates (e.g., Japan). 49 Contradicting earlier modelling studies, 44,45 some recent economic analyses have suggested that routine HPV vaccination for boys is costeffective. 46,49 A 2015 study reported that offering the HPV vaccine to Canadian males could save $8 million to $28 million over the lifetime of the modelled cohort, 50 but, crucially, this study did not model for the indirect protection that heterosexual males would receive from HPV vaccination in females through herd immunity.…”

Section: Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Including males in Canadian human papillomavirus vaccination programs: a policy analysis

Shapiro

Perez

Rosberger

2016

CMAJ

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Section: Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Including males in Canadian human papillomavirus vaccination programs: a policy analysis

Shapiro

Perez

Rosberger

2016

CMAJ

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“…Pharmacoeconomic modelling proved various degrees of HPV vaccination costeffectiveness for many countries (9)(10)(11)(12) and it was used to make decisions on their reimbursement. Also, HPV testing has proven to be cost-effective in many countries (13) but such analyses for Poland have not been performed yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reimbursed Costs of Management of Uterine Cervical Lesions in Poland - a Descriptive Analysis of Data from the National Health Fund and the Ministry of Health

Nowakowski

Śliwczyński²,

Seroczyński

et al. 2016

Cent Eur J Public Health

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SUMMARYBackground: Despite implementation of organised screening programme in 2006/2007, cervical cancer (CC) incidence and mortality in Poland are still higher than the average in the European Union. CC and preceding cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs) can be prevented by vaccines which are reimbursed in around 20 European countries but not in Poland. CC and CIN can be also detected with the use of HPV tests which are not included in the Polish screening programme. Reimbursement for HPV vaccines and HPV testing requires cost-effectiveness analyses which include country-specific data on the burden and costs of management of cervical neoplasia. Therefore, we investigated the burden of cervical neoplasia and direct costs associated with its detection and management in Poland in 2012 reimbursed by the National Health Fund (NHF) -the only public healthcare insurance institution. We also report administrative costs of the organised screening programme covered by the Ministry of Health.Methods: Data on the burden and reimbursed costs of organised and opportunistic screening as well as management of cervical neoplasia were drawn from the NHF databases. Numbers of women reported with CIN and CC were ascertained.Results: In 2012, there were 765,266 and 1,288,358 reimbursed Pap smears collected within and outside the organised screening programme, respectively. Expenditures on medical and administrative procedures in organised screening reached PLN (Polish Zloty) 41,470,664 and 12,150,398 respectively. The number of women with particular diagnosis and reimbursement for the management of these lesions were as follows: glandular ectropion 208, 033 and PLN 37,349,515; CIN1 10,521 and PLN 6,616,375; CIN2 5,812 and PLN 5,071,155; CIN3 6,487 and PLN 7,611,062; unspecified grade CIN 36,575 and PLN 12,352,034; and CC 33,482 and PLN 52,377,006, respectively. In women with ectropion and CIN the total number of local excision/ablative therapeutic procedures on the cervix reached 47,658 and the total number of hysterectomies was 1,321.Conclusion: In 2012, management of approximately 93 thousand women with HPV-related cervical lesions reimbursed in Poland amounted to PLN 84,027,632 which makes it a considerable public health problem. The number of women managed for glandular ectropion is considerable and related costs are high. Total reimbursement for detection, treatment and follow-up of all cervical lesions reaches at least PLN 137 million annually.

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“…16 Studies have shown that it is cost-effective to vaccinate either all men or selectively young MSM. 7,17,18 Studies have documented national-level effect of female HPV vaccination. 19 Male HPV vaccination, in addition to the existing female HPV vaccination programs, may help achieve herd immunity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among males attending a major sexual health clinic in Wuxi, China: A cross-sectional study

Zou

Meng

Jia

et al. 2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Objective: To study the awareness and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among sexually active men having sex with men (MSM) and men not having sex with men (MNSM) attending the largest sexual health clinic in Wuxi, China. Methods: A questionnaire about participants' sociodemographic characteristics and view on HPV vaccination was collected. Results: A total of 186 MSM and 182 MNSM were recruited. Among MSM, 12.4% were under 20 years old, 64.5% never married and 56.5% from Jiangsu Province (where Wuxi City is located); 64.0% had resided in Wuxi for over 2 years, 64.5% had high school education or more, and 83.9% had an income of 5000 RMB or less per month compared to figures of 5.5%, 50.6%, 73.6%, 54.9%, 86.8% and 64.8% among MNSM, respectively (All P values < 0.05). Among these 2 groups of men, 18.4% and 23.1% had heard of HPV; 10.2% and 15.4% had heard of HPV vaccine; and 26.2% and 20.2% would take HPV vaccine before sexual debut, respectively. MNSM were significantly more willing to take HPV vaccine than MSM (70.9 vs 34.9%, p < 0.001). Factors associated with HPV vaccine acceptance among MSM included engaging mostly in receptive anal sex (Odds ratio (OR)D3.9, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.8-13.5), never using a condom in anal sex in the past 6 months (3.5, 1.5-20.2), ever diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection (STI) (3.4, 1.3-8.4) and ever receiving HIV related services (1.6, 1.1-4.4). Among MNSM these Factors included commercial sex with women (1.7, 1.2-8.6), never using a condom in commercial sex (1.6, 1.4-7.6) and STI diagnosis (2.0, 1.6-7.3). Conclusions: Sexually active MSM and MNSM in Wuxi lacked knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccination. The majority of these at-risk men would not benefit from HPV vaccination as their age at first sex proceeded perceived age of vaccine uptake. Aggressive education aimed at increasing knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccination among these men is warranted. KEYWORDS acceptance; awareness; China; HPV vaccine; men having sex with men; men not having sex with men

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The Cost Effectiveness of Human Papillomavirus Vaccines

Cited by 69 publications

References 80 publications

Including males in Canadian human papillomavirus vaccination programs: a policy analysis

Including males in Canadian human papillomavirus vaccination programs: a policy analysis

Reimbursed Costs of Management of Uterine Cervical Lesions in Poland - a Descriptive Analysis of Data from the National Health Fund and the Ministry of Health

Awareness and acceptance of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination among males attending a major sexual health clinic in Wuxi, China: A cross-sectional study

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