The Correlation between Mandibular Arch Shape and Vertical Skeletal Pattern

Abstract

Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the mandibular arch shape and the vertical skeletal pattern in growing patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 73 Caucasian patients (33 males and 40 females; mean age 9.4) were retrospectively enrolled from a pool of patients treated in chronological order at the Department of Orthodontics, University of Foggia, Italy, from April 2018 to December 2021. Each patient received a laterolateral radiograph and a digital scan of the dental arch. Eight cephalometric parameters (lower gonial angle, intermaxillary angle, divergence angle, Wits index, Jarabak ratio, OP-MP angle, PP-OP angle, and ANB) and five dental measurements (posterior mandibular arch width, anterior mandibular arch width, mandibular occlusal angle, posterior width on distobuccal molar cusps, and molar angle) were analyzed and then compared. A Spearman’s rho correlation test between the cephalometric measurements and the dental measurements was performed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: A negative statistically significant correlation was found between the Jarabak ratio and the intermolar angle; a statistically significant correlation was also observed between the Wits index, the posterior mandibular width, and the occlusal mandibular angle; the ANB angle and the occlusal mandibular angle; the intermaxillary angle (PP-PM) and the mandibular occlusal angle, posterior mandibular width on the disto-vestibular cusp, and the intermolar angle; and the OP-MP angle and mandibular occlusal angle and the posterior mandibular width on the disto-vestibular cusp. Conclusions: The mandibular arch form may be related to certain predisposing features in craniofacial morphology, such as jaw divergence, the Jarabak ratio, and the intermaxillary angle.

DentalArch: AI-Based Arch Shape Detection in Orthodontics

“…These tools not only ease the diagnostic process but also achieve precision and efficiency comparable to expert evaluations while reducing subjectivity. This is particularly valuable given the strong link between the dental arch shape and individual growth patterns [40,41]. By accurately assessing the arch shape, these tools can ensure treatment plans are aligned with each patient's unique developmental trajectory.…”

Evaluation of the influence of four mandibular planes on the diagnosis of high and low mandibular plane angles

“…Vertical facial types play a signi cant role in orthodontic case analysis and diagnosis [1]. Considering the in uence of the vertical pattern on orthodontic diagnosis to correct malocclusion is prominent [2][3][4][5]. There are several contributor factors to identify the vertical pattern [6].…”