The Coronavirus Pandemic (SARS-CoV-2): New Problems Demand New Solutions, the Alternative of Mesenchymal (Stem) Stromal Cells

Eiró, Noemí; Cabrera, Jorge Rubén; Fraile, María; Costa, Luis A.; Vizoso, F

doi:10.3389/fcell.2020.00645

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Studies have shown that exosomes (a type of EV) carrying bacterial antigens isolated from Mycobacterium bovis and tuberculosis-infected macrophages could generate memory CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the presence of dendritic cells [ 33 , 34 ]. Thus, exosomes or EVs could serve as a promising alternative vaccination solution for SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 34 – 36 ].…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles and Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the utility of extracellular vesicles in ameliorating viral infection-associated inflammation, cytokine storm and tissue damage

Pillalamarri¹,

Abdullah²,

Khan³

et al. 2021

Translational Oncology

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential mediators of intercellular communication. EVs are nano-sized, lipid membrane–bound vesicles that contains biological information in the form of proteins, metabolites and/or nucleic acids. EVs are key regulators of tissue repair mechanisms, such as in the context of lung injuries. Recent studies suggest that EVs have the ability to repair COVID19-associated acute lung damage. EVs hold great promise for therapeutic treatments, particularly in treating a potentially fatal autoimmune response and attenuate inflammation. They are known to boost lung immunity and are involved in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, including viral infection. EV-based immunization technology has been proven to elicit robust immune responses in many models of infectious disease, including COVID-19. The field of EV research has tremendous potential in advancing our understanding about viral infection pathogenesis, and can be translated into anti-viral therapeutic strategies.

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Section: Extracellular Vesicles and Vaccine Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the utility of extracellular vesicles in ameliorating viral infection-associated inflammation, cytokine storm and tissue damage

Pillalamarri¹,

Abdullah²,

Khan³

et al. 2021

Translational Oncology

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“…This beneficial effect of MSC was attributed to their anti-inflammatory mechanism against the cytokine storm associated to COVID-19 [ 258 ]. In this day and age, new clinical trials are on by using MSC from several origins and with different administration routes [ 259 ], and given the extremely serious and urgent situation of the coronavirus pandemic (SARS-CoV-2), MSC as an alternative for the treatment of critically ill patients is considered under compassionate use protocols.…”

Section: New Horizons For Clinical Applications Of Mscmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important problematic perspective in medicine is the treatment from infections. This is mainly due to the excessive exposure of bacteria to antibiotics, which has altered bacterial genomes and has led to the development of multidrug resistance in bacteria [ 260 ], the reduced susceptibility to common antifungal drugs used for treating these diseases [ 261 ], or the emergence of new and dramatic virus pandemics such as SARS-CoV-2 [ 259 , 262 ]. MSC and/or their derived product may be one possible alternative.…”

Section: New Horizons For Clinical Applications Of Mscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Cornerstone in a Galaxy of Intercellular Signals: Basis for a New Era of Medicine

Fernández-Francos

Eiró

Costa

et al. 2021

IJMS

Self Cite

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Around 40% of the population will suffer at some point in their life a disease involving tissue loss or an inflammatory or autoimmune process that cannot be satisfactorily controlled with current therapies. An alternative for these processes is represented by stem cells and, especially, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Numerous preclinical studies have shown MSC to have therapeutic effects in different clinical conditions, probably due to their mesodermal origin. Thereby, MSC appear to play a central role in the control of a galaxy of intercellular signals of anti-inflammatory, regenerative, angiogenic, anti-fibrotic, anti-oxidative stress effects of anti-apoptotic, anti-tumor, or anti-microbial type. This concept forces us to return to the origin of natural physiological processes as a starting point to understand the evolution of MSC therapy in the field of regenerative medicine. These biological effects, demonstrated in countless preclinical studies, justify their first clinical applications, and draw a horizon of new therapeutic strategies. However, several limitations of MSC as cell therapy are recognized, such as safety issues, handling difficulties for therapeutic purposes, and high economic cost. For these reasons, there is an ongoing tendency to consider the use of MSC-derived secretome products as a therapeutic tool, since they reproduce the effects of their parent cells. However, it will be necessary to resolve key aspects, such as the choice of the ideal type of MSC according to their origin for each therapeutic indication and the implementation of new standardized production strategies. Therefore, stem cell science based on an intelligently designed production of MSC and or their derivative products will be able to advance towards an innovative and more personalized medical biotechnology.

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“…COVID-19 primarily targets the lungs [ 74 ]. Under normal conditions, the lungs are protected by infiltrating inflammatory cytokines such as macrophages, however this defence system can become over-stimulated in response to harmful agents, resulting in an uncontrolled inflammatory response and causing severe damage to lung tissue [ 75 ]. The hyper response known as a “cytokine storm” is central to the progression of COVID-19 and is supported by a complex coordinated process.…”

Section: Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impact COVID-19 has had on both global health and the economy has been immense and will continue to be unless a novel, effective therapeutic is developed. The use of cellular therapies such as MSCs and exosomes holds great promise as an alternative approach for the treatment of COVID-19, owing to the protective and reparative effects for pulmonary damage and the ability to suppress host antiviral defenses which characterizes COVID-19 [ 75 , 79 , 80 ].…”

Section: Respiratory Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defining a Regulatory Strategy for ATMP/Aerosol Delivery Device Combinations in the Treatment of Respiratory Disease

Woods

MacLoughlin

2020

Pharmaceutics

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Advanced Therapeutic Medicinal Products (ATMP) are a heterogenous group of investigational medicinal products at the forefront of innovative therapies with direct applicability in respiratory diseases. ATMPs include, but are not limited to, stem cells, their secretome, or extracellular vesicles, and each have shown some potential when delivered topically within the lung. This review focuses on that subset of ATMPs. One key mode of delivery that has enabling potential in ATMP validation is aerosol-mediated delivery. The selection of the most appropriate aerosol generator technology is influenced by several key factors, including formulation, patient type, patient intervention, and healthcare economics. The aerosol-mediated delivery of ATMPs has shown promise for the treatment of both chronic and acute respiratory disease in pre-clinical and clinical trials; however, in order for these ATMP device combinations to translate from the bench through to commercialization, they must meet the requirements set out by the various global regulatory bodies. In this review, we detail the potential for ATMP utility in the lungs and propose the nebulization of ATMPs as a viable route of administration in certain circumstances. Further, we provide insight to the current regulatory guidance for nascent ATMP device combination product development within the EU and US.

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The Coronavirus Pandemic (SARS-CoV-2): New Problems Demand New Solutions, the Alternative of Mesenchymal (Stem) Stromal Cells

Cited by 11 publications

References 122 publications

Exploring the utility of extracellular vesicles in ameliorating viral infection-associated inflammation, cytokine storm and tissue damage

Exploring the utility of extracellular vesicles in ameliorating viral infection-associated inflammation, cytokine storm and tissue damage

Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Cornerstone in a Galaxy of Intercellular Signals: Basis for a New Era of Medicine

Defining a Regulatory Strategy for ATMP/Aerosol Delivery Device Combinations in the Treatment of Respiratory Disease

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