The coordination between trunk and arm motion during pointing movements

Kaminski, Terry R.; Bock, Claire; Gentile, Ambra

doi:10.1007/bf00231068

Cited by 140 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In all conditions, the trunk began to move ϳ75 ms prior to the onset of finger motion and outlasted the duration of finger motion, consistent with findings from previous studies of reaching movements involving the trunk (Kaminski et al 1995;Ma and Feldman 1995;Pigeon et al 2000;Saling et al 1996). Nevertheless, the finger reached peak velocity relative to the trunk ϳ80 ms prior to the trunk reaching peak velocity.…”

Section: Sequencing Of Arm and Trunk Motionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Theoretically, the coordinate system may be coupled to external (extrapersonal) space, its origin coinciding with hand position prior to the arm movement (Gordon et al 1994b), or the coordinate system may be coupled to the body with its origin located, for example, on the trunk. When trunk motion is negligible during a reaching task or involves only translation in the sagittal plane to shift the hand toward the target (Kaminski et al 1995;Saling et al 1996), typical features of hand trajectories in external space such as straight-line paths and bell-shaped velocity profiles may be preserved when the trajectory is observed from a trunk-based frame of reference (Wang and Stelmach 1998). However, based on data involving only linear trunk motion, it cannot be inferred whether movement planning occurs in external or body relative coordinates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coordinated Turn-and-Reach Movements. I. Anticipatory Compensation for Self-Generated Coriolis and Interaction Torques

Pigeon

Bortolami

DiZio

et al. 2003

Journal of Neurophysiology

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Pigeon, Pascale, Simone B. Bortolami, Paul DiZio, and James R. Lackner. Coordinated turn-and-reach movements. I. Anticipatory compensation for self-generated Coriolis and interaction torques. J Neurophysiol 89: 276 -289, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00159.2001. When reaching movements involve simultaneous trunk rotation, additional interaction torques are generated on the arm that are absent when the trunk is stable. To explore whether the CNS compensates for such self-generated interaction torques, we recorded hand trajectories in reaching tasks involving various amplitudes and velocities of arm extension and trunk rotation. Subjects pointed to three targets on a surface slightly above waist level. Two of the target locations were chosen so that a similar arm configuration relative to the trunk would be required for reaching to them, one of these targets requiring substantial trunk rotation, the other very little. Significant trunk rotation was necessary to reach the third target, but the arm's radial distance to the body remained virtually unchanged. Subjects reached at two speeds-a natural pace (slow) and rapidly (fast)-under normal lighting and in total darkness. Trunk angular velocity and finger velocity relative to the trunk were higher in the fast conditions but were not affected by the presence or absence of vision. Peak trunk velocity increased with increasing trunk rotation up to a maximum of 200°/s. In slow movements, peak finger velocity relative to the trunk was smaller when trunk rotation was necessary to reach the targets. In fast movements, peak finger velocity was ϳ1.7 m/s for all targets. Finger trajectories were more curved when reaching movements involved substantial trunk rotation; however, the terminal errors and the maximal deviation of the trajectory from a straight line were comparable in slow and fast movements. This pattern indicates that the larger Coriolis, centripetal, and inertial interaction torques generated during rapid reaches were compensated by additional joint torques. Trajectory characteristics did not vary with the presence or absence of vision, indicating that visual feedback was unnecessary for anticipatory compensations. In all reaches involving trunk rotation, the finger movement generally occurred entirely during the trunk movement, indicating that the CNS did not minimize Coriolis forces incumbent on trunk rotation by sequencing the arm and trunk motions into a turn followed by a reach. A simplified model of the arm/trunk system revealed that additional interaction torques generated on the arm during voluntary turning and reaching were equivalent to Յ1.8 g (1 g ϭ 9.81 m/s 2 ) of external force at the elbow but did not degrade performance. In slow-rotation room studies involving reaching movements during passive rotation, Coriolis forces as small as 0.2 g greatly deflect movement trajectories and endpoints. We conclude that compensatory motor innervations are engaged in a predictive fashion to counteract impending self-generated interaction torques during voluntary reaching movem...

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Section: Sequencing Of Arm and Trunk Motionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordinated Turn-and-Reach Movements. I. Anticipatory Compensation for Self-Generated Coriolis and Interaction Torques

Pigeon

Bortolami

DiZio

et al. 2003

Journal of Neurophysiology

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show abstract

“…Studies have also pointed out the relationship between trunk and upper-limb coordination when the target is located either at arm's length [35] or beyond arm's length [36][37]. Trunk movements were minimal when the target could be reached at arm's length; however, for objects located out of arm's reach, trunk motion contributed significantly to the transport phase of the hand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing routine neurorehabilitation program with trunk exercises based on Bobath concept in multiple sclerosis: Pilot study

Keser

Kırdı²,

Meriç³

et al. 2013

JRRD

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Abstract-This study compared trunk exercises based on the Bobath concept with routine neurorehabilitation approaches in multiple sclerosis (MS). Bobath and routine neurorehabilitation exercises groups were evaluated. MS cases were divided into two groups. Both groups joined a 3 d/wk rehabilitation program for 8 wk. The experimental group performed trunk exercises based on the Bobath concept, and the control group performed routine neurorehabilitation exercises. Additionally, both groups performed balance and coordination exercises. All patients were evaluated with the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), International Cooperative Ataxia Rating Scale (ICARS), and Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC) before and after the physiotherapy program. In group analysis, TIS, BBS, ICARS, and MSFC scores and strength of abdominal muscles were significantly different after treatment in both groups (p < 0.05). When the groups were compared, no significant differences were found in any parameters (p > 0.05). Although trunk exercises based on the Bobath concept are rarely applied in MS rehabilitation, the results of this study show that they are as effective as routine neurorehabilitation exercises. Therefore, trunk exercises based on the Bobath concept can be beneficial in MS rehabilitation programs.

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“…While there have been very few investigations that explicitly measured joint onset timing of the spine and hip joints, there is evidence to suggest that joint movement onsets are influenced by the goals and constraints of the movement task (Kaminski et al, 1995;Lim et al, 2004;Putnam, 1993;Saling et al, 1996). Putnam (1993) described a proximal to distal organization of movement for both the upper and lower extremities for striking and throwing tasks.…”

Section: Timing Of Spine and Hip Jointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coordination and timing of spine and hip joints during full body reaching tasks

Thomas

Gibson

2007

Human Movement Science

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Coupling of spine and hip joints during full body reaching tasks was investigated in sixteen participants (8 male & 8 female) who performed reaching tasks at comfortable and fast-paced movement speeds to three targets located in a para-sagittal plane. The participants paused at target contact for 500 ms and then returned to an upright posture. Three dimensional joint motions of the spine and hip were recorded using an electromagnetic tracking device. We found an effect of movement phase (i.e. reach and return) on the onset timing of the spine and hip joints. For most target locations and movement speeds, spine motion onset preceded hip motion onset during the reaching phase of the movement task. In the reach phase, when averaged across all movement conditions, spine joint motion preceded hip joint motion by an average of 48.9 ms. In contrast, in the return phase, hip joint motion preceded spine joint motion by an average of 63.0 ms. Additionally, when subjects were instructed to use either a knee flexion or knee extension strategy to perform the reaching tasks there was no effect of movement strategy on timing of the spine and hip. There was also no effect of target height on the spine hip ratio, but as movement speed increased, the spine/hip ratio decreased for all target locations due primarily to an increase in hip joint excursion. The findings indicate clear differences in onset timing of the spine and hip joints during reaching tasks that necessitate some forward bending of the trunk and that onset timing is reversed for the return to an upright posture.

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The coordination between trunk and arm motion during pointing movements

Cited by 140 publications

References 27 publications

Coordinated Turn-and-Reach Movements. I. Anticipatory Compensation for Self-Generated Coriolis and Interaction Torques

Coordinated Turn-and-Reach Movements. I. Anticipatory Compensation for Self-Generated Coriolis and Interaction Torques

Comparing routine neurorehabilitation program with trunk exercises based on Bobath concept in multiple sclerosis: Pilot study

Coordination and timing of spine and hip joints during full body reaching tasks

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