The Cooperative Phenomenon of Autonomic Nervous System in Urine Storage for Wistar Rats

Chang, Shyang; Chiang, Meng-Ju; Li, Shiun-Jeng; Hu, Shih-Jen; Cheng, Hsiu‐Yao; Hsieh, Sheng-Hwu; Cheng, Chen-Li

doi:10.4077/cjp.2009.amh015

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Though, that said, he also makes strategic use of controlled experimental laboratory methods when this seems appropriate (e.g. Chang et al, 2009 : 72).…”

Section: Ziran As Containing Naturementioning

confidence: 99%

Thinking differently with Chinese medicine: ‘Explanations’ and case studies for a postcolonial STS

Lin

Law

2022

Soc Stud Sci

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In Mandarin, the English word ‘nature’ translates as ‘ ziran’ (自然zìrán) in science, biomedicine and everyday life. At the same time, ziran indexes a second older set of meanings that make little immediate sense in English. Current in many Chinese medical practices as well as in classical Chinese philosophy, these include ‘what is spontaneously so’ or ‘let the character of the self unfold’. In this article we explore how these two families of meaning are related by particular Taiwanese Chinese medical practitioners as they describe how they negotiate the relations between biomedicine and Chinese medicine in daily professional practice. At the same time, inspired by related logic-shifting writing in anthropology, postcolonial studies and postcolonial STS, we draw on the ‘art of patterning’ (辨證 biàn zhèng) to understand how ziran-nature relations are specified in those accounts. Patterning is the art of specifying the shifting arrangements and misalignments that lead to ill health. Treating this as a way of thinking about ziran-related overlaps between biomedicine and Chinese medicine, we show that patterning attends not to objects ‘out there’ but to appearances (象xiang, xiàng). Put into use as an STS term of art it therefore shifts the epistemological basis of inquiry because case-stories no longer reveal underlying mechanisms, but instead narrate patterned appearances. One implication of this is that any particular pattern diagnosis lies alongside a galaxy of alternatives that might be equally good to think with. Within the limits set by referential academic conventions, we thus attempt a postcolonial shi (勢)-inflected STS in this paper by resisting the use of a single analytical framework, instead setting different forms of patterning alongside one another.

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“…Though, that said, he also makes strategic use of controlled experimental laboratory methods when this seems appropriate (e.g. Chang et al, 2009 : 72).…”

Section: Ziran As Containing Naturementioning

confidence: 99%

Thinking differently with Chinese medicine: ‘Explanations’ and case studies for a postcolonial STS

Lin

Law

2022

Soc Stud Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…[2] RS: After the baseline period, RS at 1 Hz (lasting for 30 min for obtaining constant condition before agonist test) with an intensity identical to the TS (referred to as RS) was applied to induce facilitation in PUR. [3] Agonist test: After RS had been applied for 30 min, AMPH was used via the i.t. Six minutes after the application of AMPH, i.e., at a steady state of inhibition of PUR by AMPH, glutamate or NMDA was applied via the same route.…”

Section: Experimental Arrangementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After integration within the spinal cord the impulses excite the external urethral sphincter (EUS) and result in its contraction via the pudendal efferent nerve (PEN). This pelvicpudendal reflex (PPR), sometimes called holding reflex, is essential for urine continence in the rat (3,4,8). Recent studies on pelvic-urethra reflex (PUR) activities have shown that repetitive/titanic stimulation of the pelvic afferent fibers induces a distinct and long-lasting potentiation (LTP) in PUR activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mechanistic Study on Urine Retention in D-Amphetamine Addicts

Chiu

Cheng

Lin³

et al. 2014

Chin. J. Physiol.

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Chronic amphetamine intake leads to neurogenic bladder and chronic urinary retention. The mechanism underlying persistent urinary retention is unclear. The pelvic-urethral reflex (PUR) is essential for the urethra to develop sufficient resistance to maintain urine continence, an important function of the urinary system. Recent studies on PUR activities have indicated that repetitive/tetanic stimulation of the pelvic afferent fibers induces spinal reflex potentiation (SRP) in PUR activities, which further increases urinary retention. In this study, results showed that test stimulation (TS, 1/30 Hz) evoked a baseline reflex activity, while repetitive stimulation (RS, 1 Hz) induced reflex potentiation in the external urethral sphincter. Intrathecal d-amphetamine (AMPH, 30 μM) did not but higher AMPH concentration (100 μM) induced SRP in TS-induced reflex activity. H89 (10 μM, a protein kinase A inhibitor), but not chelerythrine chloride (CTC, 10 μM, a protein kinase C inhibitor), prevented the 100 μM AMPH-elicited SRP. At 30 μM, forskolin, an activator of adenylyl cyclase, elicited SRP. The co-administration of 10 μM forskolin and 30 μM AMPH induced SRP in TS-induced reflex activity. These results implied that the repetitive/tetanic stimulation of the pelvic afferent fibers could induce SRP in PUR activities, so that the urethra can produce sufficient resistance and played a significant role in urinary retention. Findings in this study demonstrated that amphetamine could induce bladder dysfunction by triggering protein kinase A activation, and provide a practical basis for the development of treatment for amphetamine-associated urinary retention.

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The meridian system and mechanism of acupuncture—A comparative review. Part 1: The meridian system

Chang

2012

Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), acupuncture has been used to heal various diseases and physiologic malfunctions in clinical practice for more than 2500 years. Due to its efficacy, acupuncture has been recommended by the World Health Organization in 1980 as an effective alternative therapy for 43 different disorders. Over the past few decades, various theories of the meridian system and mechanisms have been proposed to explain how acupuncture might work. Most of these mechanisms, however, cannot yet explain conclusively why acupuncture is efficacious in treating so many different diseases. A plausible mechanism has been unavailable until recently. This is the first of a three-part series that aims to provide a comparative review of the aforementioned topics. Part 1 reviews the current indications for acupuncture, basic concepts of TCM, and the essence of the meridian system. To establish a mathematically rigorous framework of TCM, the chaotic wave theory of fractal continuum is proposed. This theory is then applied to characterize the essence of the meridian system. Parts 2 and 3 will review the possible mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia and acupuncture therapies, respectively, based on biochemical, bioelectromagnetic, chaotic wave, and neurophysiologic approaches. It is sincerely hoped that this series of review articles can promote an understanding of the meridian system and acupuncture mechanisms to help patients in a logical and passionate way.

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The Cooperative Phenomenon of Autonomic Nervous System in Urine Storage for Wistar Rats

Cited by 9 publications

References 22 publications

Thinking differently with Chinese medicine: ‘Explanations’ and case studies for a postcolonial STS

Thinking differently with Chinese medicine: ‘Explanations’ and case studies for a postcolonial STS

A Mechanistic Study on Urine Retention in D-Amphetamine Addicts

The meridian system and mechanism of acupuncture—A comparative review. Part 1: The meridian system

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