The control of heartwater on large-scale commercial and smallholder farms in Zimbabwe

Chamboko, Tafireyi; Mukhebi, A.W.; Callaghan, Carolyn; Peter, Trevor; Kruska, R.L.; Medley, Graham F.; Mahan, Suman M.; Perry, Brian D.

doi:10.1016/s0167-5877(98)00144-5

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The performance we observed with indigenous cattle was close to values previously reported with Sanga cattle in Africa (Baars et al, 1996;Chamboko et al, 1999). The introduction of exotic cattle more than a decade ago to increase national dairy production in Uganda and to meet the urban market requirements (Mpairwe, 2005) could be considered successful with regard to milk productivity and calf growth (which in our survey varied according to a strong relationship already reported in the literature; Christain et al, 1965;Rahnefeld et al, 1990), which were significantly improved by crossing Holstein-Friesian with African indigenous cattle breeds.…”

Section: Genetic Improvement Of Sanga Cattlesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Sanga cows are thought to have a very long postpartum period (Pozy and Munyakazy, 1984), and the calving intervals could therefore be much more than a year: Obese and colleagues (1999) reported that the calving interval of Sanga cows in smallholder peri-urban dairy herds in Ghana was 444 days. In our study, the performance of exotic cattle was the highest, but it remained much lower than results obtained on largescale commercial farms in other African countries (Chamboko et al, 1999;Wang et al, 1992). However, Boujenane and Maty (1986) noted that the interval of 411.2 days that they reported with exotic cattle in Morocco was 20 days longer than in Europe.…”

Section: Genetic Improvement Of Sanga Cattlecontrasting

confidence: 75%

“…However, the lowest annual fecundity rates on settlers_ farms were compensated by the lowest calf mortality rates, while in intensive modern calf mortality rates are the highest. However, NPI values for modern farms were only 12.5% higher than for settlers_ farms, while in other countries the difference in animal performance between the two types of farm management can be much higher, as in Zimbabwe where smallholders with local cattle mix with large-scale commercial production systems with exotic cows (Chamboko et al, 1999). We consequently observed the best global performances for intermediate farms, where livestock is crossbred and where integrated crop-livestock technologies can easily be adopted by the producers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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The place of Sanga cattle in dairy production in Uganda

Grimaud

Mpairwe

Chalimbaud

et al. 2007

Trop Anim Health Prod

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A survey was carried out on milk production and reproductive performance of dairy cattle: 24 farms, with a total of 900 animals and distributed in four agro-ecological zones, were visited every 15 days over 18 months. Cows were fed on natural pastures as the only source of feed, and animal performance was dependent on the season and exhibited a dramatic drop in dry spells. Numeric productivity indices integrating productive performance for settler's, multipurpose, crop-livestock integrated and modern farms were 0.56, 0.74, 0.69 and 0.63, respectively. Milk productivity was higher on modem farms (6.7 L/cow per day) than in the other systems, and higher with Holstein-Friesian cows (7.7 L/cow per day) than with indigenous cattle (1.8 L/cow per day) or crossbred animals (3.7 L/cow per day). This paper speculates on the opportunity to improve the genetic potential of indigenous cattle, concomitantly with the efforts to adapt exotic cattle to a mountainous equatorial environment.

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Section: Genetic Improvement Of Sanga Cattlesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Genetic Improvement Of Sanga Cattlecontrasting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The place of Sanga cattle in dairy production in Uganda

Grimaud

Mpairwe

Chalimbaud

et al. 2007

Trop Anim Health Prod

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“…In most developing countries, there is no formal policy on the use of pesticidal plants and traditional practices in general. It must also be noted that through the Department of Veterinary Services of Zimbabwe most acaricides are heavily subsidised for communal farmers [ 47 ]. This implies that, for as long as the services are available farmers will take this route for animal health care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnoveterinary plants and practices used for ecto-parasite control in semi-arid smallholder farming areas of Zimbabwe

Nyahangare

Mvumi

Mutibvu

2015

J Ethnobiology Ethnomedicine

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BackgroundThe inclusion of traditional plant-based ecto-parasite control methods in primary health care of livestock is increasingly becoming an important intervention for improving livestock productivity in resource-challenged smallholder farming areas. In this study, commonly used plants used for the control of cattle ticks and other pests were identified through a survey in four semi–arid districts of Zimbabwe.MethodsA standard structured questionnaire with details of demographics, socioeconomic status of households, livestock parasites, control practices and list of ethnoveterinary plants used was used to interview 233 knowledgeable smallholder farmers in four districts. Focus group discussions with community members further provided insights on how the plants were being used and other issues surrounding ecto-parasite control and indigenous knowledge systems in the study areas.ResultsThe older generation (>40 years) of the respondents were knowledgeable about ethnoveterinary plants and practices. Overall, 51 plant species were reportedly effective against cattle ticks and other livestock parasites. The most frequently mentioned plants were in descending order, Cissus quadrangularis (30.1%), Lippia javanica (19.6%), Psydrax livida (14.9%) and Aloe sp (14.9%). Most of the plant materials were prepared by crushing and soaking in water and spraying the extract on animals. Despite the knowledge of these useful pesticidal plants, the preferred animal health care for cattle and other highly ranked livestock species is still the use of commercial acaricides. Cattle dipping services were reported sporadic by 48% of the respondents. Traditional knowledge and plants are considered only as an alternative in the absence of conventional synthetic products.ConclusionsLivestock farming communities know of plant species used for livestock ecto-parasite control. The plant species are mostly used to complement commercial products. More work, is required to confirm the acaricidal properties claimed by the farmers in order to optimize and promote sustainable use of these plants.

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“…Masika et al (1997) reported that 10% of livestock owners in the central region of the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa either cut ticks off with blades, scissors or pulled them from their animals; whereas Chamboko et al (1999) reported 6.9% of Lowveld smallholder farmers and 28.3% of Highveld farmers in Zimbabwe removed ticks from their cattle by hand. Manual removal of ticks could be an alternative to complement the main tick control method.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick control methods used by resource-limited farmers and the effect of ticks on cattle in rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Moyo

Masika

2008

Trop Anim Health Prod

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A survey to document tick control methods used by resource-limited farmers in the control of cattle ticks in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa was conducted by interviewing 59 cattle farmers using structured questionnaires and general conversation. Information collected was on external parasites of cattle, their effects and their control methods. Ticks were reported to be a major problem causing diseases like anaplasmosis (89.8%), babesiosis (55.9%) and ehrlichiosis (16.9%), as well as wounds that predispose to screwworm infestation, tick worry and teat damage to cows troubling farmers in their farming enterprises. The main tick control methods were; acaricides provided by government, however 94.9% of the farmers interviewed were of the opinion that the dip wash is not effective in killing the ticks. As a result, farmers complement the government dipping service with their own initiatives like spraying with conventional acaricides (22%), household disinfectants such as Jeyes fluid (18.6%), used engine oil (10.2%), chickens (5.1%), manual removal (5.1%), and pouricides (1.7%). In addition, some farmers also use plants (6.8%), mainly the leaf of Aloe ferox and the bark of Ptaeroxylon obliquum. The study revealed ticks to be a major problem in the study area.

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The control of heartwater on large-scale commercial and smallholder farms in Zimbabwe

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

The place of Sanga cattle in dairy production in Uganda

The place of Sanga cattle in dairy production in Uganda

Ethnoveterinary plants and practices used for ecto-parasite control in semi-arid smallholder farming areas of Zimbabwe

Tick control methods used by resource-limited farmers and the effect of ticks on cattle in rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

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