The Control of Fruit‐tree Behaviour by the Use of Rootstocks

Preston, A. P.

doi:10.1111/j.1744-7348.1956.tb02146.x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…These are the M.IX Crosses, so called because M.IX was one of the parents in each case [Tydeman (112)] and they include rootstocks much more dwarfing than M.IX, and some more vigorous than M.XVI. The ratios of trunk cross sectional area between Cox's Orange Pippin on M.IX and on M.XVI at seven years old was about 1 :4; whereas that between trees on 3426 and 3430, was about 1: 15 [Preston (113,114)]. These rootstocks have not yet been released, and many of them never will be, because they sucker too much (113).…”

Section: Stock/scion Incompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Stock and Scion Relations

Rogers¹,

Beakbane²

1957

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

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The composite plant formed by grafting a scion on a rootstock provides a unit of considerable scientific interest and commercial importance. The combination of two plants of different genetic constitution, thus having different inherent characters, affords new opportunities of studying these characters, and of making wider use of them.One of the first general reviews of rootstock/scion relations was that of Hatton, in 1930 (1). This included much of his own pioneer work, which led to a great expansion of interest in clonal rootstocks (2, 3). Tukey & Brase (4) included a useful review in a paper on the influence of scions and inter stocks. Hilkenbaumer (5) reviewed apple, pear, and plum rootstock results in Germany in 1953, and Hoblyn (6) gave a brief practical summary of results in England up to 1950. Tubbs (7) in a general review of work at East Mailing, illustrated the extensive range of rootstock effects with a list of 29 scion characters found to be influenced by the rootstock. Reviews on special as pects of the subject include those of Argles (8) on stock/scion incom patibility, and Graves (9) and Katyal (10) on double working; Roberts (11), writing on "Theoretical aspects of graftage," provided a comprehensive catalogue of 479 references with concise comments on the papers cited. The present paper is not intended to cover as wide a range, but will deal mainly with the part played by different components of the composite tree, incom patibility, viruses and certain other aspects, concluding with a discussion of some possible mechanisms of rootstock effect.At the outset, it must be said that the discovery of latent viruses in some clonal rootstocks and scion varieties has introduced a new factor of uncer tainty into some past rootstock trials. Varying proportions of certain clones, particularly M.lX and M.I, were found to be infected with rubbery wood virus, which has been shown to have a dwarfing effect [Posnette & Cropley (12,13); LuckwiII (14)]. Further work by Posnette & Cropley with apple mosaic (15), cherry (16), and pear (17) viruses has shown marked dwarfing effects, both with and without leaf symptoms.I t is reassuring, however, that tests of each tree in the classical Malling apple rootstock trials have shown that the original clones were evidently not infected with rubbery wood or mosaic and that the original conclusions on rootstock vigour remain valid (18).In discussing other papers it can only be assumed that the rootstock results are not clouded by virus infection; but the importance of using only virus-tested material in future is evident.

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Section: Stock/scion Incompatibilitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Stock and Scion Relations

Rogers¹,

Beakbane²

1957

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

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“…East Malling is most widely known for its classification and subsequent development of rootstocks for tree fruits during the first 40 years of its existence. Much of this research is summarised in an AAB article by Preston () in which he refers to the early work of Ronald Hatton, a regular contributor to the Annals in its early years (Amos et al ., ; Hatton et al ., ). Hatton devised the nomenclature of the first Malling rootstock clones which remains in use today.…”

Section: The Last Centurymentioning

confidence: 99%