The control of flower initiation by gibberellin in Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower), a non-photoperiodic plant

Almeida, Julieta Andréa Silva de; Pereira, M. Fátima D. A.

doi:10.1007/bf00024576

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Apical dominance is under hormonal control with auxins, cytokinins and GAs having a sequential role (Ali and Fletcher 1970). An increase in endogenous GA-like substances or GAs was found prior to flower differentiation in the apical bud of sunflower seedlings (Almeida and Pereira 1996). From the above results, an increase in GA 3 level is correlated with flower induction or differentiation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of GA3, sucrose and solid medium/bioreactor culture on in vitro flowering of Spathiphyllum and association of glutathione metabolism

Dewir

Chakrabarty

Ali

et al. 2007

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Hormonal control of flower induction and inflorescence development in vitro was investigated in Spathiphyllum. The effects of gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) and sucrose on inflorescence development were studied in plantlets regenerated in tissue culture. GA 3 was mandatory for the shift from the vegetative to the reproductive stage. The effect of sucrose concentration on inflorescence bud development was studied in plantlets cultured in MS medium supplemented with 10 mg l -1 GA 3 . Sucrose concentration at 3 or 6% induced inflorescence development in, respectively, 83-85% of the plantlets. The effect of GA 3 and sucrose on inflorescence differentiation and development were also recorded in liquid culture using air-lift bioreactor. The best response was found in the same medium which was standardized as an optimum for solid culture, but the results were better than solid culture. In order to study the relationship between glutathione (GSH) and flowering, we also measured the oxidized and reduced GSH content in leaves throughout the culture period on 2 weeks interval. The GSH accumulation was more after 4 weeks until 6 weeks in GA 3 treated plantlets. Similarly, glutathione reductase which is involved in the recycling of reduced GSH providing a constant intracellular level of GSH, was also higher in GA 3 treated plantlets. The transient increase in GSH contents also correlated with the changes in measured c-glutamylcysteine synthetase (c-ECS) activity over the same period. The antioxidant enzyme activity in GA 3 treated plantlets also suggests that the plants suffered increased oxidative stress during the period of GA 3 treatment which subsequently increases GSH synthesis through activation of c-ECS and this promotes flowering by increasing endogenous GSH.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of GA3, sucrose and solid medium/bioreactor culture on in vitro flowering of Spathiphyllum and association of glutathione metabolism

Dewir

Chakrabarty

Ali

et al. 2007

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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“…We next examined gene expression variation in the photoperiod and gibberellin pathways because these cues have demonstrated effects on flowering in sunflower (Goyne & Schneiter 1987; Almeida & Pereira 1996). Gibberellins promote flowering by antagonizing DELLA‐domain proteins, transcriptional repressors that suppress expression of the floral inducers SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 ( SOC1 ) and LEAFY ( LFY ) (Achard et al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting the sun to flowering in sunflower adaptation

2011

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Species living in seasonal environments often adaptively time their reproduction in response to photoperiod cues. We characterized the expression of genes in the flowering-time regulatory network across wild populations of the common sunflower, Helianthus annuus, that we found to be adaptively differentiated for photoperiod response. The observed clinal variation was associated with changes at multiple hierarchical levels in multiple pathways. Paralog-specific changes in FT homolog expression and tissue-specific changes in SOC1 homolog expression were associated with loss and reversal of plasticity respectively, suggesting that redundancy and modularity are gene network characteristics easily exploited by natural selection to produce evolutionary innovation. Distinct genetic mechanisms contribute to convergent evolution of photoperiod responses within sunflower, suggesting regulatory network architecture does not impose strong constraints on the evolution of phenotypic plasticity.

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“…Almeida et al (1996) Baydar (2000) aspirde yağ oranının artan GA 3 dozuyla azaldığını bildirmelerine rağmen, Bibi et al (2003) ayçiçeğine uygulanan 10-30 ppm aralığındaki GA 3 dozunun yağ oranını arttırdığını tespit etmiştir. Özellikle kullanılan dozların araştırmamızda kullanılan dozlardan çok daha düşük olması farklı sonuçlara ulaşılmasına neden olduğu söylenebilir.…”

Section: Erdemli and Kaya "The Effects Of Gibberellic Acid Doses On Yunclassified

Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.)'nde Giberellik Asit Dozlarının Verim ve Abiyotik Stres Koşullarında Çimlenme Üzerine Etkileri

Erdemli¹,

Kaya²

2015

Tarla Bitkileri Merkez Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi

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ÖzBu araştırma, Eskişehir koşullarında farklı giberellik asit (GA 3 ) dozları uygulanan ayçiçeğinde verim ve verim öğeleri ile tohuma uygulanan GA 3 dozlarının abiyotik stres koşullarında çimlenme üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada materyal olarak Sanbro MR ayçiçeği çeşidi ile GA 3 kullanılmıştır. 2013 yılında yürütülen tarla denemelerinde kontrol (saf su), 50, 100, 200, 300 ve 400 ppm GA 3 dozları bitkiler 6-8 yapraklı (V 6 -V 8 ) olduğu dönemde uygulanarak verim ve verim öğeleri incelenmiştir. Çimlendirme denemelerinde, aynı dozlarda GA 3 ayçiçeği tohumlarına 8 ve 16 saat süreyle uygulanarak tuz ve kuraklık stresinde çimlenme performansları incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, artan GA 3 dozları çiçeklenme süresinin 2 gün kısalmasını sağlamıştır. Bitki boyu ve bin tane ağırlığı GA 3 dozları ile artmasına rağmen, çiçeklenme süresi, tabla çapı, bitkide tane verimi, yağ oranı, yağ verimi ve klorofil içeriği azalmıştır. Laboratuvar denemelerinde ise özellikle düşük dozlarda uygulanan GA 3 dozları tuz ve kuraklık stresinde etkili olmuştur. Tohuma 8 saat süreyle uygulanacak 50 ppm GA 3 dozunun tuz stresinin çimlenme üzerine etkisini azaltmak bakımından yararlı olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır. AbstractThis study was carried out to determinate the effects of different gibberellic acid doses on sunflower yield, yield components in Eskişehir conditions and to detect the GA 3 doses on seed germination under abiotic stress conditions. Field and laboratory experiments were performed in 2013 using Sanbro MR and gibberellic acid as materials in this study. Yield and yield components of sunflower were investigated after gibberellic acid doses of control (distilled water), 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 ppm were pulverized to the plants with growing stage of 6-8 leaves (V 6 -V 8 ). Salinity and drought stresses were performed by using the same doses of GA 3 applied to the seeds both for 8 and 16 h. According to the research results, although plant height and one thousand seed weight enhanced by increasing GA 3 doses, blooming time, head diameter, seed yield per plant, oil content, oil yield, chlorophyll content decreased. Increasing GA 3 doses shortened two days of blooming time. In laboratory experiment, especially lower doses of GA 3 were effective for salt and drought stresses. It was concluded that seed treatment with 50 ppm dose of GA 3 for 8 h can be beneficial for decreasing the effect of abiotic stress conditions on germination.

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The control of flower initiation by gibberellin in Helianthus annuus L. (sunflower), a non-photoperiodic plant

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of GA3, sucrose and solid medium/bioreactor culture on in vitro flowering of Spathiphyllum and association of glutathione metabolism

Influence of GA3, sucrose and solid medium/bioreactor culture on in vitro flowering of Spathiphyllum and association of glutathione metabolism

Connecting the sun to flowering in sunflower adaptation

Ayçiçeği (Helianthus annuus L.)'nde Giberellik Asit Dozlarının Verim ve Abiyotik Stres Koşullarında Çimlenme Üzerine Etkileri

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