The Control of Cell Expansion, Cell Division, and Vascular Development by Brassinosteroids: A Historical Perspective

Oh, Man‐Ho; Honey, Saxon H.; Tax, Frans E.

doi:10.3390/ijms21051743

Cited by 57 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 87 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Phytohormones play crucial roles in plant growth and development. Previous studies have shown the involvement of auxins, gibberellins, and brassinosteroids in promoting cell division and growth during internode elongation in rice (Chen, 2001;Yin et al, 2002;Tong et al, 2014;Oh et al, 2020). For instance, BR receptor kinase OsBRI1 of rice positively regulates internode elongation by inducing the formation of the intercalary meristems (Yamamuro et al, 2000).…”

Section: Interplay Of Phytohormones During Peduncle Elongation In Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Dynamics in Rice Peduncles at the Heading Stage

Kandpal¹,

Vishwakarma²,

Krishnan³

et al. 2020

Front. Genet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Improving grain yield in the staple food crop rice has been long sought goal of plant biotechnology. One of the traits with significant impact on rice breeding programs is peduncle elongation at the time of heading failing which leads to significant reduction in grain yield due to incomplete panicle exsertion. To decipher transcriptional dynamics and molecular players underlying peduncle elongation, we performed RNA sequencing analysis of elongating and non-elongating peduncles in two Indian cultivars, Swarna and Pokkali, at the time of heading. Along with genes associated with cell division and cell wall biosynthesis, we observed significant enrichment of genes associated with auxins, gibberellins, and brassinosteroid biosynthesis/signaling in the elongating peduncles before heading in both the genotypes. Similarly, genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism and mobilization, abiotic stress response along with cytokinin, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene biosynthesis/signaling were enriched in non-elongating peduncles post heading. Significant enrichment of genes belonging to key transcription factor families highlights their specialized roles in peduncle elongation and grain filling before and after heading, respectively. A comparison with anther/pollen development-related genes provided 76 candidates with overlapping roles in anther/pollen development and peduncle elongation. Some of these are important for carbohydrate remobilization to the developing grains. These can be engineered to combat with incomplete panicle exsertion in male sterile lines and manipulate carbohydrate dynamics in grasses. Overall, this study provides baseline information about potential target genes for engineering peduncle elongation with implications on plant height, biomass composition and grain yields in rice.

show abstract

Section: Interplay Of Phytohormones During Peduncle Elongation In Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Dynamics in Rice Peduncles at the Heading Stage

Kandpal¹,

Vishwakarma²,

Krishnan³

et al. 2020

Front. Genet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Brassinosteroids (BRs) are an important group of polyhydroxylated sterol plant growth regulators in multiple developmental processes, at nanomolar to micromolar concentration, including cell division, cell elongation, vascular differentiation, reproductive development, and modulation of gene expression [ 1 ]. BRs also influence various other developmental processes such as the germination of seeds, rhizogenesis, flowering, senescence, abscission, and maturation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of New Brassinosteroid 24-Norcholane Type Analogs Conjugated in C-3 with Benzoate Groups

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The metabolism of brassinosteroid leads to structural modifications in the ring skeleton or the side alkyl chain. The esterification and glycosylation at C-3 are the most common metabolic pathways, and it has been suggested that conjugate brassinosteroids are less active or inactive. In this way, plants regulate the content of active brassinosteroids. In this work, the synthesis of brassinosteroid 24-norcholane type analogs conjugated at C-3 with benzoate groups, carrying electron donor and electron attractant substituents on the aromatic ring, is described. Additionally, their growth-promoting activities were evaluated using the Rice Lamina Inclination Test (RLIT) and compared with that exhibited by brassinolide (used as positive control) and non-conjugated analogs. The results indicate that at the lowest tested concentrations (10−8–10−7 M), all analogs conjugated at C-3 exhibit similar or higher activities than brassinolide, and the diasteroisomers with S configuration at C-22 are the more active ones. Increasing concentration (10−6 M) reduces the biological activities of analogs as compared to brassinolide.

show abstract

“…Therefore, these difficulties have stimulated the search for more accessible and bioactive analogs. The idea is to use natural molecules with chemical structures similar to BRs, such as stigmasterol (4) [18][19][20], pregnenolone (5) [21], hyodeoxycholic acid (6) [22,23] and diosgenin (7) [24,25] as starting material (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Biological Activity of New Brassinosteroid Analogs of Type 24-Nor-5β-Cholane and 23-Benzoate Function in the Side Chain

Soto

Ferrer

Díaz

et al. 2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Brassinosteroids are polyhydroxysteroids that are involved in different plants’ biological functions, such as growth, development and resistance to biotic and external stresses. Because of its low abundance in plants, much effort has been dedicated to the synthesis and characterization of brassinosteroids analogs. Herein, we report the synthesis of brassinosteroid 24-nor-5β-cholane type analogs with 23-benzoate function and 22,23-benzoate groups. The synthesis was accomplished with high reaction yields in a four-step synthesis route and using hyodeoxycholic acid as starting material. All synthesized analogs were tested using the rice lamina inclination test to assess their growth-promoting activity and compare it with those obtained for brassinolide, which was used as a positive control. The results indicate that the diasteroisomeric mixture of monobenzoylated derivatives exhibit the highest activity at the lowest tested concentrations (1 × 10−8 and 1 × 10−7 M), being even more active than brassinolide. Therefore, a simple synthetic procedure with high reaction yields that use a very accessible starting material provides brassinosteroid synthetic analogs with promising effects on plant growth. This exploratory study suggests that brassinosteroid analogs with similar chemical structures could be a good alternative to natural brassinosteroids.

show abstract

The Control of Cell Expansion, Cell Division, and Vascular Development by Brassinosteroids: A Historical Perspective

Cited by 57 publications

References 87 publications

Gene Expression Dynamics in Rice Peduncles at the Heading Stage

Gene Expression Dynamics in Rice Peduncles at the Heading Stage

Synthesis of New Brassinosteroid 24-Norcholane Type Analogs Conjugated in C-3 with Benzoate Groups

Synthesis and Biological Activity of New Brassinosteroid Analogs of Type 24-Nor-5β-Cholane and 23-Benzoate Function in the Side Chain

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About