The Control and Prevention of COVID-19 Transmission in Children

Medeiros, Gidyenne Christine Bandeira Silva de; Nunes, Ana Clara de França; Azevedo, Kesley Pablo Morais de; Segundo, Victor Hugo de Oliveira; Santos, Gilberto Martins; Mata, Ádala Nayana de Sousa; Pimenta, Isac Davidson Santiago Fernandes; Bezerra, Isaac Newton Machado; Braga, Liliane Pereira; Capucho, Helaine Carneiro; Piuvezam, Márcia Regina; Filho, Valter Cordeiro Barbosa; Leitão, José Carlos; Martínez, Daniel Guillén; Piuvezam, Grasiela

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000021393

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A retrospective study of 105 children between the ages of 1-16 years infected with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China reported only 8 (7.6%) critically ill patients. 10,11 The infection rate in children seems to be more similar (0.8% difference) to those in other population groups. 12 Even though few reports have suggested trace levels of virus transmission in children under 10 years old, there is an upward rate of child-adult transmission being reported.…”

Section: Role Of Schools Openingmentioning

confidence: 72%

Safely opening schools: artificial intelligence techniques to control transmission of COVID-19

Sarfraz

Hathaway

et al. 2021

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Artificial intelligence techniques and similar digital technologies are promising applications for surveillance systems, contact tracing, and pandemic planning amid the COVID-19 pandemic. With no long-term effective treatment or vaccinations available, it is highly important to scale intelligence solutions to promote detection, school-level screening, monitoring, reducing burden of staff, and prediction potential COVID-19 outbreaks at schools. The objectives of this paper were to present the artificial intelligence for safely opening schools model, and build a solidifying analysis of current literature for applications of the system. The applications are imminent to promoting school health by maximizing the potential of AI technologies. While the AISOS model is not a silver bullet, the improvement in school transmission will be particularly useful as an emergent temporary, potentially permanent, measure of transmission control and monitoring.

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Section: Role Of Schools Openingmentioning

confidence: 72%

Safely opening schools: artificial intelligence techniques to control transmission of COVID-19

Sarfraz

Hathaway

et al. 2021

Int J Community Med Public Health

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“…The second hypothesis is reactivation of a previous viral infection. 9,[19][20][21][22] In our 5 cases, herpes-like inclusions were found in the epidermis, and 2 of them had a history of herpes simplex virus/varicella-zoster virus infection when the anamnesis was questioned in detail. In 1 study, 15 of 53 patients who were positive for COVID-19 (positive nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2) and had vesicular skin rashes were diagnosed with herpes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological and Clinical Analysis of Skin Rashes in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With COVID-19

Yüksel¹,

Demirkan²,

Çomut³

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Dermatopathology

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Introduction:A new entity, which occurs a few weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection and resembling incomplete Kawasaki disease or toxic shock syndrome, has been defined and named multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) associated with COVID-19 in children. The aim of our study was to describe histopathological characteristics of skin lesions of MIS-C patients to reveal whether there is a relationship between histopathological features and clinical manifestations.Materials and Methods:Seventeen who had skin involvement of 57 patients who were diagnosed with MIS-C between December 2020 and February 2021 were included in this prospective study. Demographic information, laboratory findings, and patients' managements were recorded. Skin biopsies were taken simultaneously of each patient. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded skin samples were examined microscopically.Results:The rate of skin rash was 30% in patients with MIS-C and was predominantly the maculopapular type. The anatomical distribution of the rash was evaluated as localized in 10 and generalized in 7 patients. In patients with myocarditis, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen were found to be significantly higher, and lymphocyte and albumin values were found to be low. Herpes-like inclusions were found in the microscopic examination of 2 patients with a history of zona zoster in themselves or in their mother. There was a significant difference between keratinocyte necrosis and some clinical parameters.Discussion:Localized skin lesions appear to be associated with a more severe inflammatory.

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“…[1][2][3][4] The severity of symptoms depended on the individual's innate immune response and can include acute respiratory distress syndrome, cardiac and kidney injury, sepsis, and secondary infection, often necessitating ventilation. 3 Although the elderly and immunocompromised were the most vulnerable, 1,[5][6][7][8] younger adults can still be affected and transmit. 3,9 As COVID-19 was airborne, one affected individual could easily infect multiple people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of a Division I Sports Medicine Program's COVID-19 Protocol: Identifying Factors that Predict Testing Demands and Positive Rates During a Pandemic

Stickler,

Morrone,

Brown

et al. 2023

Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine

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Objective: To determine factors indicating testing frequency and positive test results in a Division I sports department intrapandemic. Design: Retrospective analysis. Setting: A single Division I collegiate sports department. Patients: All student-athlete (n = 437), student staff (n = 89), and adult staff (n = 202) members of the sports department. Total cohort (n = 728). Interventions: The authors analyzed the independent variables of local positive rates, sport characteristics, and campus events for impact on the volume of the departmental testing and positive rates. Main Outcome Measures: Measured dependent variables of the volume of departmental testing and positive rates were analyzed. Results: Positive predictive rates (PPRs) largely differed from local, off-campus rates in timing and duration (59.52%: P < 0.05). Overall, 20633 tests were administered with 201 positive results (0.97% PPR). Student-athlete numbers were highest in all categories, followed by adult then student staff. Greater proportions of contact sports became positive (53.03%: P < 0.001) and all-male sports (47.69%: P < 0.001). No comparative difference was seen for teams using fomites (19.15%: P = 0.403). Spring sports teams had the lowest percentage of the team positive (22.22%: P < 0.001). Winter sports had the highest PPR (1.15%), all occurring during team-controlled activities. Playing sports indoors did not increase inside team-controlled activity positive rates (P = 0.066). Conclusions: Longitudinal changes in local, off-campus infection rates partially affected sports departmental positive results while testing rates were more influenced by sport and university schedule. Testing resources should be directed toward high-risk sports, which included contact sports (football, basketball, and soccer), all-male teams, both Winter and indoor sports inside team-controlled activities, and sports with long periods of time outside team-controlled activities.

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The Control and Prevention of COVID-19 Transmission in Children

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Safely opening schools: artificial intelligence techniques to control transmission of COVID-19

Safely opening schools: artificial intelligence techniques to control transmission of COVID-19

Histopathological and Clinical Analysis of Skin Rashes in Children With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Associated With COVID-19

Analysis of a Division I Sports Medicine Program's COVID-19 Protocol: Identifying Factors that Predict Testing Demands and Positive Rates During a Pandemic

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