The contribution of visual processing to academic achievement in adolescents born extremely preterm or extremely low birth weight

Molloy, Carly; Battista, Ashley M. Di; Anderson, Vicki; Burnett, Alice; Lee, Katherine J.; Roberts, Gehan; Cheong, Jeanie L.Y.; Anderson, Peter J.; Doyle, Lex W.

doi:10.1080/09297049.2015.1118024

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…A link between premature birth and less favorable academic outcome has been demonstrated for several times (Aarnoudse-Moens et al, 2011;Johnson et al, 2011;Leung et al, 2018;Molloy et al, 2017). In the present study, this correlation between prematurity and lower educational outcome in adulthood was mediated by adult DAN-pulvinar connectivity.…”

Section: Relevance For Educational Successsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…In particular, premature born individuals often show impaired visual-spatial abilities, for example impairments in visual attention, nonverbal reasoning, visual-motor integration, and visual-spatial problem-solving (Bohm, Lundequist, & Smedler, 2010;Finke et al, 2015;Foulder-Hughes & Cooke, 2003;Leung, Thompson, Black, Dai, & Alsweiler, 2018;Marlow et al, 2007;Menegaux et al, 2017). Visualspatial abilities, in turn, are an important prerequisite for learning and educational and academic performance, and thus highly relevant for socioeconomic success and life quality (Aarnoudse-Moens, Oosterlaan, Duivenvoorden, van Goudoever, & Weisglas-Kuperus, 2011;Johnson, Wolke, Hennessy, & Marlow, 2011;Molloy et al, 2017). A detailed understanding of brain mechanisms that mediate the impact of premature birth on visual-spatial abilities is necessary, as it might be a critical starting point for the development of targeted treatments or prognostic procedures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impaired structural connectivity between dorsal attention network and pulvinar mediates the impact of premature birth on adult visual–spatial abilities

Berndt

Bäuml

Menegaux

et al. 2019

Human Brain Mapping

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The dorsal attention network (DAN), including frontal eye fields and posterior parietal cortices, and its link with the posterior thalamus, contribute to visual–spatial abilities. Very premature birth impairs both visual–spatial abilities and cortico‐thalamic structural connectivity. We hypothesized that impaired structural DAN‐pulvinar connectivity mediates the effect of very premature birth on adult visual–spatial abilities. Seventy very premature (median age 26.6 years) and 57 mature born adults (median age 26.6 years) were assessed with cognitive tests and diffusion tensor imaging. Perceptual organization (PO) index of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐III was used as a proxy for visual–spatial abilities, and connection probability maps in the thalamus, derived from probabilistic tractography from the DAN, were used as a proxy for DAN‐thalamic connectivity. Premature born adults showed decreases in both PO‐index and connection probability from DAN into the pulvinar, with both changes being positively correlated. Moreover, path analysis revealed that DAN‐pulvinar connectivity mediates the relationship between very premature birth and PO‐index. Results provide evidence for long‐term effects of very premature birth on structural DAN‐pulvinar connectivity, mediating the effect of prematurity on adult visual–spatial impairments. Data suggest DAN‐pulvinar connectivity as a specific target of prognostic and diagnostic procedures for visual–spatial abilities after premature birth.

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Section: Relevance For Educational Successsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired structural connectivity between dorsal attention network and pulvinar mediates the impact of premature birth on adult visual–spatial abilities

Berndt

Bäuml

Menegaux

et al. 2019

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The relationship between EFs and AA has been thoroughly studied over the years, ratifying the degree of association between both parameters not only in adolescents29 ) , but also in other age groups27 ) . The degree of association is determined by the domain of the executive function under analysis (inhibition/interference, working memory, processing speed, cognitive flexibility, social skills) and the educational content being assessed (mathematics, language, reading).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical fitness and executive functions in adolescents: cross-sectional associations with academic achievement

2019

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[Purpose] This study analyzed the relationship between fitness and executive functions in adolescents and its influence on academic achievement. [Participants and Methods] The design was cross-sectional. The sample included 713 adolescents (14.2 ± 1.5 years old). Physical fitness was evaluated using flexibility test, strength test, balance test and aerobic test. Executive function was evaluated with the tests (Stroop, Symbol digit, Trail making, Wechsler memory, and MESSY scale). Academic performance was evaluated through the school records. A partial correlational analysis of physical fitness and executive functions with respect to academic achievement was carried out. A multivariate linear regression was performed to identify the physical component model that best defined each of the executive functions. [Results] The analysis showed how academic achievement is significantly influenced, from a physical point of view, by resistance strength (r=0.21), aerobic endurance (r=0.188), and flexibility (r=0.17), whereas from a cognitive point of view it is significantly influenced by inhibition/interference (r=0.25), working memory (r=0.10) and processing speed (r=0.18). [Conclusion] The results indicate that the physical fitness and executive function are closely related and both have a significant influence on academic achievement.

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“…From preschool to adolescence, visual perception, motor skills and visuomotor integration have been associated with educational outcomes, learning, behaviour and attention . Children born very preterm experience less favourable academic outcomes, particularly in mathematics …”

Section: Implications Of Deficits In Visual Perception and Visuomotormentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of preterm birth on visual development

Leung

Thompson

Black

et al. 2018

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Children born very preterm are at a greater risk of abnormal visual and neurological development when compared to children born at full term. Preterm birth is associated with retinopathy of prematurity (a proliferative retinal vascular disease) and can also affect the development of brain structures associated with post‐retinal processing of visual information. Visual deficits common in children born preterm, such as reduced visual acuity, strabismus, abnormal stereopsis and refractive error, are likely to be detected through childhood vision screening programs, ophthalmological follow‐up or optometric care. However, routine screening may not detect other vision problems, such as reduced visual fields, impaired contrast sensitivity and deficits in cortical visual processing, that may occur in children born preterm. For example, visual functions associated with the dorsal visual processing stream, such as global motion perception and visuomotor integration, may be impaired by preterm birth. These impairments can continue into adolescence and adulthood and may contribute to the difficulties in learning (particularly reading and mathematics), attention, behaviour and cognition that some children born preterm experience. Improvements in understanding the mechanisms by which preterm birth affects vision will inform future screening and interventions for children born preterm.

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The contribution of visual processing to academic achievement in adolescents born extremely preterm or extremely low birth weight

Cited by 22 publications

References 71 publications

Impaired structural connectivity between dorsal attention network and pulvinar mediates the impact of premature birth on adult visual–spatial abilities

Impaired structural connectivity between dorsal attention network and pulvinar mediates the impact of premature birth on adult visual–spatial abilities

Physical fitness and executive functions in adolescents: cross-sectional associations with academic achievement

The effects of preterm birth on visual development

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