The Contribution of Vertebrate Palaeontology to the Geodynamic History of South East Asia

The Permian Extinction and the Tethys: An Exercise in Global Geology

“…However, it shares a south Cathaysian fl ora with the Yangtze and the Huanan blocks, has the very same benthic foraminiferal assemblage (Şengör et al, 1988), and has many Dicynodon fossils (Battail et al, 1995(Battail et al, , 1997(Battail et al, , 2000Steyer, 2008, and2007, personal commun. via Şevket Şen; see also Buffetaut, 1989) indicating land connections with Gondwana-Land and possibly also with Laurasia. It also has a part of the late Permian Emei Shan basalts on its (present) northeast edge (Ali et al, 2005; the small volcanic symbol Λ, labeled El on Annamia in Fig.…”

“…fossils were found. As the earlier Dicynodon representatives (Buffetaut, 1989;Battail, 1997), the Lystrosauri must also have used the Cathaysian bridge to reach Laurasia (yellow arrows) because their distributions are so similar. Note that southern Cathaysian fl oral elements show up in the Middle East at similar latitudes as the Chinese and southeast Asian elements.…”

Internal deformation of the Shan-Thai block inferred from paleomagnetism of Jurassic sedimentary rocks in Northern Thailand

“…Geological map of the study area (modified from Hess and Koch (1975) unit consists of red siltstones of the Nam Phong formation that contains latest Triassic fossils. This succession is conformably overlain by red sandstones of the Phu Kradung formation of Early to Late Jurassic age (Buffetaut, 1989;Meesook et al, 2002). The overlying succession consists mainly of red sandstones that are divided into the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous Phra Wihan formation and the Lower Cretaceous Sao Khua formation.…”

Phanerozoic faunal and floral realms of the Earth; the intercalary relations of the Malvinokaffric and Gondwana faunal realms with the Tethyan faunal realm

“…8, 10, 17). Well-developed land connections existed, however, between Thailand and Indochina in the south, and Eurasia on the north, as demonstrated by the vertebrate fauna (Buffetaut, 1989). al., 1982).…”

“…This is true of the faunas of India, Thailand, and Indochina (Chatterjee and Hotton, 1986;Buffetaut, 1989). Reviewing the occurrences of the tetrapods from these two zones, one must consider the possibility that Lystrosaurus and its succesors originated in the northern world and migrated southward.…”